թովեմ
Old Armenian
Etymology
According to Ačaṙyan, the original meaning is “to speak”. For the semantic shift compare English spell (“speech; magical spell”). He derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *tow- (“to talk, to read”), with Sanskrit स्तुते (stute, “to praise”), Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬎- (stu-, “to praise”) as cognates. Pokorny lists the Aryan words with Ancient Greek στεῦται (steûtai, “to promise or threaten that one will”) under Proto-Indo-European *stew- (“to praise loudly”) without Armenian. J̌ahukyan finds Ačaṙyan's etymology improbable and proposes derivation from Proto-Indo-European *tow-, from *tew- (“to be attentive in a friendly manner”).
Verb
թովեմ • (tʻovem)
Conjugation
active
| infinitive | թովել (tʻovel) | participle | թովեցեալ, թովեալ (tʻovecʻeal, tʻoveal) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| causative | — | aorist stem | թովեց- (tʻovecʻ-) | ||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | թովեմ (tʻovem) | թովես (tʻoves) | թովէ (tʻovē) | թովեմք (tʻovemkʻ) | թովէք (tʻovēkʻ) | թովեն (tʻoven) | |
| imperfect | թովէի, թովեի* (tʻovēi, tʻovei*) | թովէիր, թովեիր* (tʻovēir, tʻoveir*) | թովէր (tʻovēr) | թովէաք, թովեաք* (tʻovēakʻ, tʻoveakʻ*) | թովէիք, թովեիք* (tʻovēikʻ, tʻoveikʻ*) | թովէին, թովեին* (tʻovēin, tʻovein*) | |
| aorist | թովեցի (tʻovecʻi) | թովեցեր (tʻovecʻer) | թովեաց (tʻoveacʻ) | թովեցաք (tʻovecʻakʻ) | թովեցէք, թովեցիք (tʻovecʻēkʻ, tʻovecʻikʻ) | թովեցին (tʻovecʻin) | |
| subjunctive | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | թովիցեմ (tʻovicʻem) | թովիցես (tʻovicʻes) | թովիցէ (tʻovicʻē) | թովիցեմք (tʻovicʻemkʻ) | թովիցէք (tʻovicʻēkʻ) | թովիցեն (tʻovicʻen) | |
| aorist | թովեցից (tʻovecʻicʻ) | թովեսցես (tʻovescʻes) | թովեսցէ (tʻovescʻē) | թովեսցուք (tʻovescʻukʻ) | թովեսջիք (tʻovesǰikʻ) | թովեսցեն (tʻovescʻen) | |
| imperatives | — | (դու) | — | — | (դուք) | — | |
| imperative | — | թովեա՛ (tʻoveá) | — | — | թովեցէ՛ք (tʻovecʻḗkʻ) | — | |
| cohortative | — | թովեսջի՛ր (tʻovesǰír) | — | — | թովեսջի՛ք (tʻovesǰíkʻ) | — | |
| prohibitive | — | մի՛ թովեր (mí tʻover) | — | — | մի՛ թովէք (mí tʻovēkʻ) | — | |
| *rare | |||||||
Derived terms
Descendants
- Armenian: թովել (tʻovel)
References
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “թովեմ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “թովեմ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “թովել”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 199
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 1035, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1035
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 154, 196
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “թովեմ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 272a
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