to change; to alter; to transform to change; to alter; to transform; to correct |
year | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (改年) |
改 | 年 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 改 | 年 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 泥 (8) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | IV |
| Fanqie | 古亥切 | 奴顚切 |
| Baxter | kojX | nen |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kʌiX/ | /nen/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kəiX/ | /nen/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kɒiX/ | /nɛn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kəjX/ | /nɛn/ |
| Li Rong |
/kᴀiX/ | /nen/ |
| Wang Li |
/kɒiX/ | /nien/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kɑ̆iX/ | /nien/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
gǎi | nián |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
goi2 | nin4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 改 | 年 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
gǎi | nián |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kojX › | ‹ nen › |
| Old Chinese |
/*C.qˁəʔ/ | /*C.nˁi[ŋ]/ |
| English | change (v.) | harvest; year |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 改 | 年 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 5763 | 9482 |
| Phonetic component |
己 | 秊 |
| Rime group |
之 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
改 | |
| Old Chinese |
/*klɯːʔ/ | /*niːŋ/ |
| Notes | 同秊 | |
改⫽年 (verb-object)