貪る

Japanese
Kanji in this term
貪
むさぼ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
慾る
毎る
昧る

Etymology

Compound of むさ (musa, “greed, covetousness, wantonness”, not used in isolation; the same musa found in むさい (musai, “greedy, covetous, wanton; dirty, impure, mean”) and むさと (musa to, greedily, wantonly, carelessly)) +‎ 欲る (horu, “to want, to desire”, obsolete in modern Japanese, only appearing in compounds).[1] The horu changes to boru as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) むさぼ​る [mùsábóꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[2]
  • IPA(key): [mɯ̟ᵝsa̠bo̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

貪(むさぼ)る • (musaboru) transitive godan (stem 貪(むさぼ)り (musabori), past 貪(むさぼ)った (musabotta))

  1. to be greedy for something, to crave something
  2. to covet something
  3. (in compound verbs) to do something greedily or hungrily
    彼(かれ)は、講義(こうぎ)の合間(あいま)に大好(だいす)きな小説(しょうせつ)を貪(むさぼ)り読(よ)んでいた。
    Kare wa, kōgi no aima ni daisuki na shōsetsu o musabori yonde ita.
    He was hungrily reading a favorite novel between the lectures.

Conjugation
Conjugation of "貪る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 貪ら むさぼら musabora
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 貪り むさぼり musabori
Shūshikei ("terminal") 貪る むさぼる musaboru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 貪る むさぼる musaboru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 貪れ むさぼれ musabore
Meireikei ("imperative") 貪れ むさぼれ musabore
Key constructions
Passive 貪られる むさぼられる musaborareru
Causative 貪らせる
貪らす		 むさぼらせる
むさぼらす		 musaboraseru
musaborasu
Potential 貪れる むさぼれる musaboreru
Volitional 貪ろう むさぼろう musaborō
Negative 貪らない むさぼらない musaboranai
Negative continuative 貪らず むさぼらず musaborazu
Formal 貪ります むさぼります musaborimasu
Perfective 貪った むさぼった musabotta
Conjunctive 貪って むさぼって musabotte
Hypothetical conditional 貪れば むさぼれば musaboreba

References
  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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