섧다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 셟〯다〮 (Yale: syělptá), seemingly from *셜 (*syel-) + ㅸ (-W-, adjectivizer). Compare 서럽다 (seoreopda).
From Old Korean 哀反 (*SYELp-).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈsʰɘ(ː)ɭt͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [설(ː)따]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | seolda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | seolbda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | sŏlta |
| Yale Romanization? | sēlpta |
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 섧다 (seolda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 섧다 seolda |
설워 seorwo |
설워요 seorwoyo |
섧습니다 seolseumnida |
| Past | 설웠다 seorwotda |
설웠어 seorwosseo |
설웠어요 seorwosseoyo |
설웠습니다 seorwotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 설우냐 seorunya |
설워 seorwo |
설워요 seorwoyo |
섧습니까 seolseumnikka |
| Past | 설웠냐 seorwonnya |
설웠어 seorwosseo |
설웠어요 seorwosseoyo |
설웠습니까 seorwotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 섧겠다 seolgetda | 섧겠어 seolgesseo | 섧겠어요 seolgesseoyo | 섧겠습니다 seolgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 설워 seorwo | 설워서 seorwoseo | 설우니 seoruni | 설우니까 seorunikka | |
| Contrast | 섧지만 seoljiman | 설운데 seorunde | 섧더니 seoldeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 섧고 seolgo | ||||
| Condition | 설우면 seorumyeon | 설워야 seorwoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 설움 seorum | 섧기 seolgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 설웠음 seorwosseum | 설웠기 seorwotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 설운 seorun | |||
| Future | 설울 seorul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 설우시다 seorusida |
설우셔 seorusyeo |
설우세요, 설우셔요 seoruseyo, seorusyeoyo |
설우십니다 seorusimnida |
| Past | 설우셨다 seorusyeotda |
설우셨어 seorusyeosseo |
설우셨어요 seorusyeosseoyo |
설우셨습니다 seorusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 설우시냐 seorusinya |
설우셔 seorusyeo |
설우세요, 설우셔요 seoruseyo, seorusyeoyo |
설우십니까 seorusimnikka |
| Past | 설우셨냐 seorusyeonnya |
설우셨어 seorusyeosseo |
설우셨어요 seorusyeosseoyo |
설우셨습니까 seorusyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 설우시겠다 seorusigetda | 설우시겠어 seorusigesseo | 설우시겠어요 seorusigesseoyo | 설우시겠습니다 seorusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 설우셔 seorusyeo | 설우셔서 seorusyeoseo | 설우시니 seorusini | 설우시니까 seorusinikka | |
| Contrast | 설우시지만 seorusijiman | 설우신데 seorusinde | 설우시더니 seorusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 설우시고 seorusigo | ||||
| Condition | 설우시면 seorusimyeon | 설우셔야 seorusyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 설우심 seorusim | 설우시기 seorusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 설우셨음 seorusyeosseum | 설우셨기 seorusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 설우신 seorusin | |||
| Future | 설우실 seorusil | ||||
Derived terms
- 설워하다
- 설워지다
- 설움
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