Baldrian

From Middle High German baldriān (also: waldriān), from Old High German baldriān. Compare Middle Low German boldriān.[1]

(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) Seemingly together with Hungarian bojtorján (“burdock”) (√ *boltorján) loaned in the Dark Age period from the late 6^th to early 8^th century from Turkic or Proto-Mongolic, the Pannonian Avars being direct neighbours to the Germans, cognate to Turkish بالدران / baldıran (“hemlock”) which see for more Turkic cognates.

Ultimately from Proto-Mongolic, reflected as
Middle Mongol ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ (balčirɣan-a, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷ (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix ᠭᠠᠨᠠ (-ɣana),
Mongolian балчиргана (balčirgana, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as балчир (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix -гана (-gana)

Old High German had as another term for the valerian denemarka, denmarka, denemark, denimarka, in Middle High German denemarka, denemarcha, only retained in Alemannic German dialects, as tannenmark, tammarken etc.

The Medieval Latin valeriāna (“valerian”), from which the most widespread European names for the valerian derive, is most likely from German / Frankish, distorted after the verb valeō (“to be powerful”) or also the gentilic name Valerius – early enough to be calqued into Proto-Slavic *odolěnъ (“valerian”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaldriˌaːn/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Bal‧d‧ri‧an

Baldrian m (strong, genitive Baldrians, plural Baldriane)

1. valerian (Valeriana officinalis)

   Synonyms: Echter Baldrian, Großer Baldrian, Arzneibaldrian

2. valerian (Valeriana - Any plant of the genus Valeriana.)

• Geißblattgewächs
• Heilkraut

• Kleiner Baldrian
• Knolliger Baldrian
• Echter Speik
• Dreiblättriger Baldrian
• Haselwurzblättriger Baldrian
• Hügel-Baldrian
• Berg-Baldrian
• Felsen-Baldrian
• Weidenblättriger Baldrian
• Zwerg-Baldrian

• Baldrianextrakt, Baldriantinktur, Baldriantropfen, Baldrianwurzel

• → Czech: baldrián
• → Russian: балдырья́н (baldyrʹján)
• → Slovak: baldrián
• → Slovene: báldrijan
• → Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: bandrija

  Upper Sorbian: baldrijan

• “Baldrian” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• “Baldrian” in Duden online
• Baldrian on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^de

Baldrian m (uncountable)

1. valerian

   Synonym: Baltes