< Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu

Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/màcángʊ́

This Proto-Bantu entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Bantu

Etymology

Likely related by inheritance and semantic shift, but perhaps by borrowing, to various terms for maize in Niger-Congo, including the stem *-sáŋ in Eastern Grassfields, and farther afield, Leyigha nsaŋe, Legbo nzana, and Usaghade úsân.

Noun

*màcángʊ́ class 6[1]

  1. millet or pearl millet (exact referent uncertain)

Descendants
  • Lele (Congo) (C84): masangu (“millet”)
  • Bushoong (C83): masháaŋ (“millet”)
  • Kumu (D23): muyángu (“millet or sorghum”)
  • Kwese (L13): másàngù (“millet”)
  • Mbuun (B87): ásaŋ (“pearl millet”)
  • Phende (L11): disangu (“millet”)
  • Nsong (B85d): másàŋ (“pearl millet”)
  • Wongo (C85): masangu (“millet”)

Borrowed from a Bantu language spoken on the Atlantic coast:

  • → Bangi (C32): lisangu (“maize”)
  • → Bolia (C35b): ihángú (“maize”)
  • → Kota (Gabon) (B25): isangu (“maize”)
  • → Mongo (C61): lisángú (“maize”)
  • → Ntomba (C35a): isángú (“maize”)
  • → Soko (C52): lisángú (“maize”) (probably borrowed)

Borrowed from a Bantu language spoken in Angola or Zambia:

  • → Ila (M63): insangu (“small seed”)
  • → Umbundu (R11): osangu (“small seed”)

References
  1. Entry 486 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3
  • Bostoen, Koen (2006–2007), "Pearl millet in early Bantu speech communities in Central Africa: A reconsideration of the lexical evidence." Afrika und Übersee: 89, 183–213.
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