< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/druwištah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *druwáh +‎ *-ištah.

Adjective

*druwištah[1]

  1. superlative degree of *druwáh (“firm; healthy, whole”): right, true; straight; healthy, whole

Descendants
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: [script needed] (drust), [script needed] (darust)
    • Kurdish:
      Central Kurdish: دروست (dirust, drust, “right, true; straight; healthy, unharmed”)
      Northern Kurdish: dirust, drust (“right, true; truthful, honest; just”)
      Southern Kurdish: درس (diris, dris, “right, true; truthful, honest; just”)
    • Proto-Medo-Parthian: *druwištəh
      • Caspian:
        • Mazanderani: [script needed] (dɛšt, “whole”)
      • Old Median: *druwištəh
        • Middle Median: *druwišt, *društ
          • Kermanic: (“right, true”)
            Kafroni: [script needed] (durus)
            Kesehi: [script needed] (durus)
            Sedehi: [script needed] (duruss)
            Vonishuni: [script needed] (duruss)
            Varzenehi: [script needed] (doruss)
          • Sivandi: derūss
          • Talysh: дырыс
      • Parthian: (/⁠dru(vi)št⁠/, “whole, unharmed”)
        Manichaean script: 𐫅𐫡𐫇𐫢𐫤 (drwšt), 𐫅𐫡𐫇𐫢𐫎 (drwšṯ)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Lari-Fars:
      • Northwestern Fars:
        Buringuni: [script needed] (durus)
        Papuni: [script needed] (durus)
        Somghani: [script needed] (durus)
      • Larestani: [script needed] (d(u)rust,d(i)rist)
    • Old Persian: [script needed] (*dᵘruvišta)
      • Middle Persian: ("right, well, healthy")
        Manichaean script: 𐫅𐫡𐫏𐫘𐫤 (dryst /⁠drīst⁠/)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (drwyst' /⁠druyist⁠/), [Book Pahlavi needed] (drwst' /⁠drust⁠/), [Book Pahlavi needed] (drwdst')[2]
        • Classical Persian: درست (durust)
          • Iranian Persian: درست (dorost)
          • Tajik: дуруст (durust)
          • Judeo-Tat:
            Cyrillic script: дуьруьст (dyryst)
            Latin script: dyryst
          • → Middle Armenian: դրուստ (drust), տրուստ (trust)
            • Armenian: դրուստ (drust)
          • → Azerbaijani: dürüst
          • → Bashkir: дөрөҫ (döröś)
          • → Bengali: দুরস্ত (durosto)
          • → Hindi: दुरुस्त (durust)
          • → Kazakh: дұрыс (dūrys)
          • → Kyrgyz: дурус (durus)
          • → Ormuri:
            Kaniguram: [script needed] (durust, “straight; right, true”)
          • → Pashto:
            Pashto: درست (drəst, “whole, all”)
            Vaeiri: درست (drəsta)
          • → Tatar: дөрес (döres)
          • → Ottoman Turkish: درست (dürüst)
          • → Urdu: درست (durust)
          • → Yidgha: [script needed] (drust, “all, entirely”)

References
  1. Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) “*dr̥ṷa-, *druṷa-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 359–360
  2. MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “drust”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
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