< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic

Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ḥaṣ́ad-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Verb

*ḥaṣ́ad-

  1. to reap, to crop

Conjugation
Conjugation of Proto-Semitic/ḥaṣ́ad- (paʕala)
verbal noun *ḥaṣ́d-
active participle *ḥāṣ́id-
passive participle *ḥaṣ́īd-, *ḥaṣ́ūd-
singular dual plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
perfect m *ḥaṣ́adku *ḥaṣ́adka *ḥaṣ́ada *ḥaṣ́adkayā *ḥaṣ́adkā *ḥaṣ́adā *ḥaṣ́adna *ḥaṣ́adkanu *ḥaṣ́adū
f *ḥaṣ́adki *ḥaṣ́adat *ḥaṣ́adatā *ḥaṣ́adkina *ḥaṣ́adā
imperfect m *ʔaḥṣ́id *taḥṣ́id *yiḥṣ́id *taḥṣ́idā *yaḥṣ́idā *niḥṣ́id *taḥṣ́idū *yiḥṣ́idū
f *taḥṣ́idī *taḥṣ́id *taḥṣ́idā *taḥṣ́idā *yiḥṣ́idā
imperative m *ḥaṣ́id *ḥaṣ́idā *ḥaṣ́idū
f *ḥaṣ́idī *ḥaṣ́idā

Descendants
  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒊺𒆥𒋻 (eṣēdum)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
    • Northwest Semitic:
      • Aramaic:
        • Imperial Aramaic: 𐡇𐡑𐡃 (ḥṣd)
        • Palmyrene Aramaic: 𐡧𐡲𐡣 (ḥṣd)
        • Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: חְצֵד
        • Classical Syriac: ܚܨܶܕ (ḥṣeḏ)
        • Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: חֲצַד (ḥăṣaḏ)
        • → Arabic: حَصَدَ (ḥaṣada)
      • Canaanite:
        • Hebrew: (ousted by קָצַר (katsár, qāṣar) from *qaṣar- (“to cut short”))
    • Ethiopian Semitic:
      • Amharic: ዐጨደ (ʿäč̣č̣ädä)
      • Ge'ez: ዐፀደ (ʿäṣ́ädä)
      • Tigrinya: ዓጸደ (ʿaṣädä)

References
  • Aro, Jussi (1963) “Gemeinsemitische Ackerbauterminologie”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 113, page 476
  • Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 58
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