< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/brotōn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Possibly from *brot +‎ *-ōn. Alternatively, Kroonen suggest an iterative origin.[1]

If the loanwords in Romance didn't come from Frankish but from Gothic, as suggested by Holthausen,[2] then the verb likely goes back to Proto-Germanic *brutōną.

Verb

*brotōn

  1. to break
  2. to sprout

Inflection
Class 2 weak
Infinitive *brotōn
1st sg. past *brotōdā
Infinitive *brotōn
Genitive infin. *brotōnijas
Dative infin. *brotōnijē
Instrum. infin. *brotōniju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *brotō *brotōdā
2nd singular *brotōs *brotōdēs, *brotōdōs
3rd singular *brotōþ *brotōdē, *brotōdā
1st plural *brotōm *brotōdum
2nd plural *brotōþ *brotōdud
3rd plural *brotōnþ *brotōdun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *brotō *brotōdī
2nd singular *brotōs *brotōdī
3rd singular *brotō *brotōdī
1st plural *brotōm *brotōdīm
2nd plural *brotōþ *brotōdīd
3rd plural *brotōn *brotōdīn
Imperative Present
Singular *brotō
Plural *brotōþ
Present Past
Participle *brotōndī *brotōd

Derived terms
  • *brotul

Descendants
  • Old English: *brotian
    • ⇒ Old English: *brotul, *brotol
      • Middle English: brotel
        • English: brottle, bruttle, brattle (dialectal)
  • Old High German: *brozzōn
    • Middle High German: brozzen
  • →? Vulgar Latin: *brotāre

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*brut(t)ōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 81
  2. Holthausen, Ferdinand (2012) “*brutōn”, in Gotisches etymologisches Wörterbuch: Mit Einschluß der Eigennamen und der gotischen Lehnwörter im Romanischen [Gothic Etymological Dictionary: Including Proper Names and Gothic Loanwords in Romance Languages] (Germanische Bibliothek 4; 8) (in German), 2 edition, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN
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