gwahaniaethu
Welsh
Etymology
From gwahaniaeth + -u.
Pronunciation
- (North Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˌɡwahanˈjeɨ̯θɨ/
- (North Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ɡwanˈjeɨ̯θɨ/
- (South Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˌɡwahanˈjei̯θi/
- (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ɡwanˈjei̯θi/
Verb
gwahaniaethu (first-person singular present gwahaniaethaf)
- (intransitive) to differ, to diverge
- (transitive) to distinguish, to differentiate
- (intransitive) to discriminate (make decisions based on prejudice)
Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | gwahaniaethaf | gwahaniaethi | gwahaniaetha | gwahaniaethwn | gwahaniaethwch | gwahaniaethant | gwahaniaethir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
gwahaniaethwn | gwahaniaethit | gwahaniaethai | gwahaniaethem | gwahaniaethech | gwahaniaethent | gwahaniaethid | |
| preterite | gwahaniaethais | gwahaniaethaist | gwahaniaethodd | gwahaniaethasom | gwahaniaethasoch | gwahaniaethasant | gwahaniaethwyd | |
| pluperfect | gwahaniaethaswn | gwahaniaethasit | gwahaniaethasai | gwahaniaethasem | gwahaniaethasech | gwahaniaethasent | gwahaniaethasid, gwahaniaethesid | |
| present subjunctive | gwahaniaethwyf | gwahaniaethych | gwahaniaetho | gwahaniaethom | gwahaniaethoch | gwahaniaethont | gwahaniaether | |
| imperative | — | gwahaniaetha | gwahaniaethed | gwahaniaethwn | gwahaniaethwch | gwahaniaethent | gwahaniaether | |
| verbal noun | gwahaniaethu | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | gwahaniaethedig gwahaniaethadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | gwahaniaetha i, gwahaniaethaf i | gwahaniaethi di | gwahaniaethith o/e/hi, gwahaniaethiff e/hi | gwahaniaethwn ni | gwahaniaethwch chi | gwahaniaethan nhw |
| conditional | gwahaniaethwn i, gwahaniaethswn i | gwahaniaethet ti, gwahaniaethset ti | gwahaniaethai fo/fe/hi, gwahaniaethsai fo/fe/hi | gwahaniaethen ni, gwahaniaethsen ni | gwahaniaethech chi, gwahaniaethsech chi | gwahaniaethen nhw, gwahaniaethsen nhw |
| preterite | gwahaniaethais i, gwahaniaethes i | gwahaniaethaist ti, gwahaniaethest ti | gwahaniaethodd o/e/hi | gwahaniaethon ni | gwahaniaethoch chi | gwahaniaethon nhw |
| imperative | — | gwahaniaetha | — | — | gwahaniaethwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms
- gwahaniaethiad (“differentiation”)
Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| gwahaniaethu | wahaniaethu | ngwahaniaethu | unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gwahaniaethu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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