kỳkaron

Kari'na

Alternative forms

Etymology

Likely from the ancestor of *kyko (first-person inclusive dual pronoun, root of modern kỳko), perhaps Proto-Cariban *kɨku, + Proto-Cariban *-jamo (collective suffix) + *rô (emphatic particle). Analogous forms in other Cariban languages are similarly formed from various dual/non-collective forms combined with various collective and emphatic suffixes in different orders; none, however, are constructed with exactly the same morphemes as the Kari'na term. Compare Apalaí kymarokomo, Trió kïmënjamo, Wayana kunmëlamkom, Hixkaryana kàwyamo, Waiwai kïwyam, Akawaio kïmyamro, Ye'kwana künwanno.

Pronunciation
  • (East Suriname) IPA(key): [kɨhkaɺ̢õ]

Pronoun

kỳkaron

  1. (East Suriname) the first-person inclusive plural pronoun; all of us, me and all of you, we (inclusive)
    Synonym: (Venezuela) kymonjáro

Inflection
Kari'na personal pronouns
singular dual plural
first person exclusive awu nàna, ànaW nàna, ànaW
first person inclusive — kỳko, kymoroV kỳkaro(n), kymonjároV
second person amoro — amyjaro(n), amonjároV
third person (use demonstratives)
V. Venezuelan dialect.
W. West Surinamese dialect.

References
  • Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎, Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, pages 52–53, 310
  • Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “kïkaro”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 217; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes‎, Paris, 1956, page 211
  • Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “kïko”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 217; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes‎, Paris, 1956, page 211
  • Yamada, Racquel-María (2010) “ky'karo”, in Speech community-based documentation, description, and revitalization: Kari’nja in Konomerume‎, University of Oregon, page 757
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