еси

See also: Appendix:Variations of "esi"

Old East Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *esi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ési, verb form of *h₁ésti.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈjɛsi/→/ˈjɛsʲi/→/ˈjɛsʲi/
  • (ca. 9th CE) IPA(key): /ˈjɛsi/
  • (ca. 11th CE) IPA(key): /ˈjɛsʲi/
  • (ca. 13th CE) IPA(key): /ˈjɛsʲi/

Verb

еси (jesi)

  1. second-person singular present indicative of бꙑти (byti); (thou) art

Descendants

  • Russian: еси́ (jesí)
  • Ukrainian: єси́ (jesý)

Old Novgorodian

Alternative forms

  • ѥси (jesi)[1][2][3][4] (year 1180±20)
  • єси (jesi)[5] (year 1380±20)
  • ѥсѣ (jesě)[6] (year 1385±15)
  • ѥсь (jesĭ)[7] (year 1370±30)

Etymology

First attested as еси (jesi) in year 1063±13. From Proto-Slavic *esi.

Verb

еси • (jesi)

  1. second-person singular present of бꙑти (byti)

References

  1. ^ “letter no. 105]”, in Древнерусские берестяные грамоты [Birchbark Literacy from Medieval Rus]‎[1][2] (in Russian), http://gramoty.ru, 2007–2025
  2. ^ “letter no. 400]”, in Древнерусские берестяные грамоты [Birchbark Literacy from Medieval Rus]‎[3][4] (in Russian), http://gramoty.ru, 2007–2025
  3. ^ “letter no. 482]”, in Древнерусские берестяные грамоты [Birchbark Literacy from Medieval Rus]‎[5][6] (in Russian), http://gramoty.ru, 2007–2025
  4. ^ “letter no. 142]”, in Древнерусские берестяные грамоты [Birchbark Literacy from Medieval Rus]‎[7][8] (in Russian), http://gramoty.ru, 2007–2025
  5. ^ “letter no. 272]”, in Древнерусские берестяные грамоты [Birchbark Literacy from Medieval Rus]‎[9][10] (in Russian), http://gramoty.ru, 2007–2025
  6. ^ “letter no. 314]”, in Древнерусские берестяные грамоты [Birchbark Literacy from Medieval Rus]‎[11][12] (in Russian), http://gramoty.ru, 2007–2025
  7. ^ “letter no. 446]”, in Древнерусские берестяные грамоты [Birchbark Literacy from Medieval Rus]‎[13][14] (in Russian), http://gramoty.ru, 2007–2025

Further reading

  • Zaliznyak, Andrey (2004) Древненовгородский диалект [Old Novgorod dialect]‎[15] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Moscow: LRC Publishing House, →ISBN, page 715
  • “letter no. 915]”, in Древнерусские берестяные грамоты [Birchbark Literacy from Medieval Rus]‎[16][17] (in Russian), http://gramoty.ru, 2007–2025
  • “letter no. 909]”, in Древнерусские берестяные грамоты [Birchbark Literacy from Medieval Rus]‎[18][19] (in Russian), http://gramoty.ru, 2007–2025
  • “letter no. 109]”, in Древнерусские берестяные грамоты [Birchbark Literacy from Medieval Rus]‎[20][21] (in Russian), http://gramoty.ru, 2007–2025

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic еси (jesi), from Proto-Slavic *esi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ési, verb form of *h₁ésti.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [(j)ɪˈsʲi]

Verb

еси́ • (jesí)

  1. (archaic, chiefly obsolete) second-person singular present indicative imperfective of быть (bytʹ); (you) are, (thou) art
    Synonym: есь (jesʹ)
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