кельме
Erzya
Alternative forms
- кӓльме (käľme)
Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä ~ *kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma).
Cognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkelʲme/, /ˈkælʲme/
Noun
кельме • (keľme)
- cold
- Течи вете градуст кельме.
- Teči vete gradust keľme .
- Today it is five degrees cold.
Declension
| case | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (...) |
кельме (keľme) | кельметь (keľmeť) |
| genitive (of ...) |
кельмень (keľmeń) | — |
| dative (to ...) |
кельменень (keľmeneń) | — |
| ablative (than ...) |
кельмеде (keľmede) | — |
| inessive (in ...) |
кельмесэ (keľmesë) | — |
| elative (out of ...) |
кельместэ (keľmestë) | — |
| illative (into ...) |
кельмес (keľmes) | — |
| prolative (through ...) |
кельмева (keľmeva) | — |
| translative (becoming ...) |
кельмекс (keľmeks) | — |
| comparative (like ...) |
кельмешка (keľmeška) | — |
| abessive (without ...) |
кельмевтеме (keľmevteme) | — |
Adjective
кельме • (keľme)
- cold
- симемс кельме ведте ― simems keľme vedte ― to drink cold water
References
- B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “кельме”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
- Entry #1311 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- Keresztes, László (1986) Geschichte der mordwinischen Konsonantismus II. Etymologisches Belegmaterial[1], Szeged: Studia Uralo-Altaica 26.
Moksha
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä, possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma). Cognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kelʲmʲæ/, /kelʲmæ/
Noun
кельме • (keľmä)
Adjective
кельме • (keľme)
References
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
- Keresztes, László (1986) Geschichte der mordwinischen Konsonantismus II. Etymologisches Belegmaterial[2], Szeged: Studia Uralo-Altaica 26.
- Entry #1311 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.