торпицꙗ

Old Novgorodian

Alternative forms

Etymology

By surface analysis, *торпа (*torpa) +‎ -ицꙗ (-ićja).[1] Borrowed from Finnic languages, such as Livvi torpu, Karelian torppa, torppu (“trout”), Ludian torp (“brown trout”), Veps torp (“trout”), where also Finnish torppu (“trout”), further origins unclear.[2][3] First attested in c. 1420‒1430. Compare Russian то́рпица (tórpica), dialectal то́рпа (tórpa), Middle Russian торпа (torpa), first attested only in 1563.

Pronunciation

  • Hyphenation: то‧рпи‧цꙗ

Noun

торпицꙗ • (torpićja) f[4]

  1. trout (Salmo)
    Synonym: таимень (taimenĭ)
    • c. 1420‒1430, Берестяная грамота № 1148 [Birchbark letter no. 1148]‎[3], Novgorod:
      … лаꙁорю коробоцка ікри да торпица ꙁехъну торпицѧ да сухꙑхъ ∙ да федору торпицѧ церници{ѧ} лосось ∙ …
      … lazorju koroboćka ikri da torpića zexŭnu torpićę da suxyxŭ ∙ da fedoru torpićę ćernići{ję} lososĭ ∙ …
      Lazar a box of caviar and trout, Zekhn trout and dried fish, and Fedor trout. Chernitsa salmon …

Descendants

  • → Middle Russian: *торпица (*torpica), торпа (torpa)

References

  1. ^ Gippius, A. A. (2023) “Берестяные грамоты из раскопок 2022 г. в Великом Новгороде и Старой Руссе”, in Вопросы языкознания [Topics in the Study of Language]‎[1] (in Russian), number 5, Moscow: Nauka, →ISSN, page 12
  2. ^ Myznikov, S. A. (2019) “то́рпа”, in Русский диалектный этимологический словарь. Лексика контактных регионов [Etymological Dictionary of Russian Dialects. Vocabulary of Contact Regions]‎[2] (in Russian), Moscow, Saint-Petersburg: Nestor-Historia, →ISBN, page 798
  3. ^ Vasmer, Max (1973) “то́рпа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 4 (Т – Ящур), Moscow: Progress, page 87
  4. ^ Gippius, A. A. (actor) (November 8, 2022), “№ 1148” (26:45 from the start), in Берестяные грамоты из раскопок 2022 г. (in Russian), Institute for Slavic Studies RAS

Further reading

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