ярус
Russian
Etymology
Of unclear origin.
- Presumed by J. J. Mikkola to be borrowed from Old Norse jarðhús (“underground room”).[1][2] Compare jǫrð (“earth, modern Icelandic jörð”) and hús (“house”). This derivation has however been doubted on phonetic[3] and semantic[4] grounds.
- Per Chernykh from Turkic, related to яр (jar).
- Per Shaposhnikov possibly related to τριήρης (triḗrēs) (suggesting semantic origin as a row of oars on a rowing vessel).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈjarʊs]
Audio: (file)
Noun
я́рус • (járus) m inan (genitive я́руса, nominative plural я́русы, genitive plural я́русов)
- tier (horizontal row)
- (theater) circle (curved upper tier of seats in a theater)
- (geology) geologic stage
Declension
Declension of я́рус (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a)
Derived terms
- безъярусный (bezʺjarusnyj)
- внеярусный (vnejarusnyj)
- выярусить (vyjarusitʹ)
- двухъярусный (dvuxʺjarusnyj)
- контръярус (kontrʺjarus)
- межъярусный (mežʺjarusnyj)
- многоярусность (mnogojarusnostʹ)
- многоярусный (mnogojarusnyj)
- надъярус (nadʺjarus)
- одноярусный (odnojarusnyj)
- подъярус (podʺjarus)
- полуярус (polujarus)
- поярусный (pojarusnyj)
- пятиярусный (pjatijarusnyj)
- семиярусный (semijarusnyj)
- стеклярус (stekljarus)
- трёхъя́русный (trjoxʺjárusnyj)
- четырёхъярусный (četyrjóxʺjarusnyj)
- шестиярусный (šestijarusnyj)
- ярусник (jarusnik)
- ярусность (jarusnostʹ)
- ярусный (jarusnyj)
- ярусоподъемник (jarusopodʺjemnik)
- ярусоразборочный (jarusorazboročnyj)
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: yarus
- → Yakut: дьаарыс (jaarıs)
References
- ^ Mikkola, Dr. Joos J. (1894) Berührungen zwischen den westfinnischen und slavischen Sprachen. I. Slavische Lehnwörter in den westfinnischen Sprachen[1], Helsinki: Finno-Ugrian Society, page 20
- ^ Berneker, Erich (1908–1913) Slavisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung, page 446
- ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ярус”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- ^ Kalima, Jalo (1948) “Zu der Etymologie der russischen Wörter ‘Jarus Und Jabeda.’”, in Neuphilologische Mitteilungen[2], volume 49, number 2, Modern Language Society of Helsinki, page 56
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “ярус”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 473
- Shaposhnikov, A. K. (2010) “ярус”, in Этимологический словарь современного русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Contemporary Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 2: (Начать – Я), Moscow: Flinta; Nauka, →ISBN, page 574
Further reading
- Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882) “ярус”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
Ukrainian
Etymology
Of unclear origin.[1] See the Russian entry for more information.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈjarʊs]
Audio: (file)
Noun
я́рус • (járus) m inan (genitive я́русу, nominative plural я́руси, genitive plural я́русів)
- tier (horizontal row)
- (theater) circle (curved upper tier of seats in a theater)
- (geology) stage (succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic time scale)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | я́рус járus |
я́руси járusy |
| genitive | я́русу járusu |
я́русів járusiv |
| dative | я́русові, я́русу járusovi, járusu |
я́русам járusam |
| accusative | я́рус járus |
я́руси járusy |
| instrumental | я́русом járusom |
я́русами járusamy |
| locative | я́русі járusi |
я́русах járusax |
| vocative | я́русе járuse |
я́руси járusy |
Derived terms
- двоя́русний (dvojárusnyj)
- п'ятия́русний (pʺjatyjárusnyj)
- трия́русний (tryjárusnyj)
- чотирия́русний (čotyryjárusnyj)
References
- ^ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2012), “ярус”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 6 (У – Я), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “ярус”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “ярус”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- “ярус”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “ярус”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)