قاعدة
Arabic
Etymology
From the verb قَعَدَ (qaʕada, “to sit down, to lie in wait, to waylay”), root ق ع د (q ʕ d).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /qaː.ʕi.da/
Noun
قَاعِدَة • (qāʕida) f (plural قَوَاعِد (qawāʕid))
- foundation
- Synonym: أَسَاس (ʔasās)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 16:26:
- قَدْ مَكَرَ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ فَأَتَى اللَّهُ بُنْيَانَهُم مِّنَ الْقَوَاعِدِ فَخَرَّ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّقْفُ مِن فَوْقِهِمْ وَأَتَاهُمُ الْعَذَابُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ
- qad makara llaḏīna min qablihim faʔatā l-lahu bunyānahum mina l-qawāʕidi faḵarra ʕalayhimu s-saqfu min fawqihim waʔatāhumu l-ʕaḏābu min ḥayṯu lā yašʕurūna
- Indeed, those before them had plotted, but Allah struck at the ˹very˺ foundation of their structure, so the roof collapsed on top of them, and the torment came upon them from where they did not expect.
- basis
- Synonym: أَسَاس (ʔasās)
- precept, rule, principle
- fundament
- (military) base
- (chemistry) base
- (grammar) rule
- قَاعِدَة الْمُضَارِع الْمُسْتَمِرّ ― qāʕidat al-muḍāriʕ al-mustamirr ― The present continuous rule
- support, socle, pedestal
- chassis, undercarriage
- formula
- قَاعِدَة فِيثَاغُورَس ― qāʿidat fīṯāḡōras ― Pythagorean formula, Pythagorean theorem
- method, manner
- model, pattern
- Synonym: نَمَط (namaṭ)
Declension
| singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | قَاعِدَة qāʕida |
الْقَاعِدَة al-qāʕida |
قَاعِدَة qāʕidat |
| nominative | قَاعِدَةٌ qāʕidatun |
الْقَاعِدَةُ al-qāʕidatu |
قَاعِدَةُ qāʕidatu |
| accusative | قَاعِدَةً qāʕidatan |
الْقَاعِدَةَ al-qāʕidata |
قَاعِدَةَ qāʕidata |
| genitive | قَاعِدَةٍ qāʕidatin |
الْقَاعِدَةِ al-qāʕidati |
قَاعِدَةِ qāʕidati |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | قَاعِدَتَيْن qāʕidatayn |
الْقَاعِدَتَيْن al-qāʕidatayn |
قَاعِدَتَيْ qāʕidatay |
| nominative | قَاعِدَتَانِ qāʕidatāni |
الْقَاعِدَتَانِ al-qāʕidatāni |
قَاعِدَتَا qāʕidatā |
| accusative | قَاعِدَتَيْنِ qāʕidatayni |
الْقَاعِدَتَيْنِ al-qāʕidatayni |
قَاعِدَتَيْ qāʕidatay |
| genitive | قَاعِدَتَيْنِ qāʕidatayni |
الْقَاعِدَتَيْنِ al-qāʕidatayni |
قَاعِدَتَيْ qāʕidatay |
| plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | قَوَاعِد qawāʕid |
الْقَوَاعِد al-qawāʕid |
قَوَاعِد qawāʕid |
| nominative | قَوَاعِدُ qawāʕidu |
الْقَوَاعِدُ al-qawāʕidu |
قَوَاعِدُ qawāʕidu |
| accusative | قَوَاعِدَ qawāʕida |
الْقَوَاعِدَ al-qawāʕida |
قَوَاعِدَ qawāʕida |
| genitive | قَوَاعِدَ qawāʕida |
الْقَوَاعِدِ al-qawāʕidi |
قَوَاعِدِ qawāʕidi |
Descendants
- → Armenian: ղայդա (ġayda)
- Gulf Arabic: قاعدة (qāʕida)
- → Azerbaijani: qayda
- → Bashkir: ҡағиҙә (qağiźə)
- → Hausa: ƙa'ida
- → Georgian: ყაიდა (q̇aida)
- → Kazakh: қағида (qağida), қағидат (qağidat)
- → Malay: kaidah, kaedah
- → Indonesian: kaidah
- Maltese: qagħda
- → Ottoman Turkish: قاعده (ka'ide)
- → Turkish: kaide
- → Persian: قاعده (qâ'ede) (see there for further descendants)
- → Tatar: кагыйдә (qağıydä), qağıydä
- → Turkmen: kada
- → Uyghur: قائىدە (qa'ide)
- → Uzbek: qoida
(via plural form قَوَاعِد (qawāʕid)):
- → Persian: قواعد (qavâ'ed)
- → Swahili: kawaida
Hijazi Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| ق ع د |
| 5 terms |
Etymology
From Arabic قَاعِدَة (qāʕida).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡaːʕ.da/ (common pronunciation for the adjective and can be used for the noun)
- IPA(key): [qaː.ʕ(ɪ).da] (common pronunciation only for the noun)
Noun
قَاعْدة or قَاعِدة • (gāʕda or gāʕida) f (plural قَوَاعِد (gawāʕid) or قاعْدات (gāʕdāt))
Adjective
قاعدة • (gāʕda) (common plural قاعدين (gāʕdīn), feminine plural قاعدات (gāʕdāt))
- feminine of قَاعِد (gāʕid, “sitting”)
- Forms a present continuous tense
- Synonym: بِـ (bi)
- قاعدة تلعب / بِتِلْعَب ― gāʕda tilʕab / bi-tilʕab ― she is playing
Usage notes
The common plural adjective is used with both feminine and masculine plural nouns, while the feminine plural adjective is rarely used and only used with feminine nouns.