ܚܘܠܦܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Etymology 1
Compare Hebrew חִלּוּף (khilúf) with the sense of “apposition” a calque of Arabic بَدَل (badal).
Pronunciation
- (Standard) IPA(key): [xul.lɑːpɑː]
Noun
ܚܘܼܠܵܦܵܐ • (ḥullāpā) m sg (plural ܚܘܼܠܵܦܹ̈ܐ (ḥūlāpē))
- exchange, replacement
- compensation
- (grammar) interchangeability (e.g. of letters)
- (grammar) apposition
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | |||||||
| singular | absolute | ܚܘܼܠܵܦ (ḥūlāp) | 1st person | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܝܼ (ḥūlāpī) | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܲܢ (ḥūlāpan) | |||
| construct | ܚܘܼܠܵܦ (ḥūlāp) | 2nd person | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܘܼܟ݂ (ḥūlāpōḵ) | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥūlāpāḵ) | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥūlāpawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܵܐ (ḥullāpā) | 3rd person | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܹܗ (ḥūlāpēh) | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܵܗ̇ (ḥūlāpāh) | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܗܘܿܢ (ḥūlāphōn) | |||
| plural | absolute | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܝܼ̈ܢ (ḥūlāpīn) | 1st person | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܝܼ̈ (ḥūlāpī) | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܲܢ̈ (ḥūlāpan) | |||
| construct | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܲܝ̈ (ḥūlāpay) | 2nd person | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ḥūlāpōḵ) | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ḥūlāpāḵ) | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥūlāpawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܹ̈ܐ (ḥūlāpē) | 3rd person | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ḥūlāpūh) | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܘܼ̈ܗ̇ (ḥūlāpōh) | ܚܘܼܠܵܦܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ (ḥūlāpayhōn) | |||
Etymology 2
Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac.
Pronunciation
- (Standard) IPA(key): [xul.pɑː]
Noun
ܚܘܼܠܦܵܐ • (ḥulpā) m sg (plural ܚܘܼܠܦܹ̈ܐ (ḥulpē))
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | |||||||
| singular | absolute | ܚܘܿܠܲܦ (ḥōlap) | 1st person | ܚܘܼܠܦܝܼ (ḥulpī) | ܚܘܼܠܦܲܢ (ḥulpan) | |||
| construct | ܚܘܿܠܲܦ (ḥōlap) | 2nd person | ܚܘܼܠܦܘܼܟ݂ (ḥulpōḵ) | ܚܘܼܠܦܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥulpāḵ) | ܚܘܼܠܦܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥulpawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܚܘܼܠܦܵܐ (ḥulpā) | 3rd person | ܚܘܼܠܦܹܗ (ḥulpēh) | ܚܘܼܠܦܵܗ̇ (ḥulpāh) | ܚܘܼܠܦܗܘܿܢ (ḥulphōn) | |||
| plural | absolute | ܚܘܼܠܦܝܼ̈ܢ (ḥulpīn) | 1st person | ܚܘܼܠܦܝܼ̈ (ḥulpī) | ܚܘܼܠܦܲܢ̈ (ḥulpan) | |||
| construct | ܚܘܼܠܦܲܝ̈ (ḥulpay) | 2nd person | ܚܘܼܠܦܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ḥulpōḵ) | ܚܘܼܠܦܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ḥulpāḵ) | ܚܘܼܠܦܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥulpawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܚܘܼܠܦܹ̈ܐ (ḥulpē) | 3rd person | ܚܘܼܠܦܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ḥulpūh) | ܚܘܼܠܦܘܼ̈ܗ̇ (ḥulpōh) | ܚܘܼܠܦܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ (ḥulpayhōn) | |||
Classical Syriac
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ħulpɑ] (singular)
- IPA(key): [ħulpe] (plural)
Noun
ܚܘܠܦܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܚܘܠܦܐ)
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | m | f | |||||
| singular | absolute | ܚܠܘܦ | 1st person | ܚܘܠܦܝ | ܚܘܠܦܢ | |||
| construct | ܚܠܘܦ | 2nd person | ܚܘܠܦܟ | ܚܘܠܦܟܝ | ܚܘܠܦܟܘܢ | ܚܘܠܦܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܚܘܠܦܐ | 3rd person | ܚܘܠܦܗ | ܚܘܠܦܗ | ܚܘܠܦܗܘܢ | ܚܘܠܦܗܝܢ | ||
| plural | absolute | ܚܘܠܦܝܢ | 1st person | ܚܘܠܦܝ | ܚܘܠܦܝܢ | |||
| construct | ܚܘܠܦܝ | 2nd person | ܚܘܠܦܝܟ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟܝ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟܘܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܚܘܠܦܐ | 3rd person | ܚܘܠܦܘܗܝ | ܚܘܠܦܝܗ | ܚܘܠܦܝܗܘܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܗܝܢ | ||
Etymology 2
From the root ܚ ܠ ܦ related to changing; compare Hebrew חילוף / חִלּוּף (ḥillūp̄). The sense of "apposition" is a calque of Arabic بَدَل (badal).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ħullɑfɑ] (singular)
- IPA(key): [ħullɑfe] (plural)
Noun
ܚܘܠܦܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܚܘܠܦܐ)
- difference, change
- exchange, replacement
- recompense
- succession, following
- price
- (grammar) interchangeability (e.g. of letters)
- (grammar) apposition
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | m | f | |||||
| singular | absolute | ܚܘܠܦ | 1st person | ܚܘܠܦܝ | ܚܘܠܦܢ | |||
| construct | ܚܘܠܦ | 2nd person | ܚܘܠܦܟ | ܚܘܠܦܟܝ | ܚܘܠܦܟܘܢ | ܚܘܠܦܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܚܘܠܦܐ | 3rd person | ܚܘܠܦܗ | ܚܘܠܦܗ | ܚܘܠܦܗܘܢ | ܚܘܠܦܗܝܢ | ||
| plural | absolute | ܚܘܠܦܝܢ | 1st person | ܚܘܠܦܝ | ܚܘܠܦܝܢ | |||
| construct | ܚܘܠܦܝ | 2nd person | ܚܘܠܦܝܟ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟܝ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟܘܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܚܘܠܦܐ | 3rd person | ܚܘܠܦܘܗܝ | ܚܘܠܦܝܗ | ܚܘܠܦܝܗܘܢ | ܚܘܠܦܝܗܝܢ | ||
References
- “ḥwlp”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 106b
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 132a
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, pages 426b–427a