ܥܠܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܥ ܠ ܠ (ˁ l l)
11 terms

From Aramaic עֵלְתָא (ʿelləṯā) with the sense of “disease” is a calque of Arabic عِلَّة (ʕilla); compare also Hebrew עִלָּה (ilá).

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key): [ʕɪlləθɑː]
(Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔɪllətɑː]

Noun

ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ • (ˁilṯā) f sg (plural ܥܸ̈ܠܠܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁillāṯā) or ܥܸ̈ܠܠܹܐ (ˁillē))

cause, reason, motive
subject, topic (e.g. of a book)
(in the plural) receptacles
(grammar) subject; noun of a derived adjective
(pathology) sickness, illness, disease
Synonyms: ܡܲܪܥܵܐ (marˁā), ܟܘܼܪܗܵܢܵܐ (kurhānā)

Inflection

Inflection of **ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ**
	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
	state	form		person	m	f	plural
singular	absolute	ܥܸܠܵܐ (ˁillā)		1^st person	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܝܼ (ˁilṯī)		ܥܸܠܬ݂ܲܢ (ˁilṯan)
	construct	ܥܸܠܲܬ݂ (ˁillaṯ)		2^nd person	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ˁilṯōḵ)	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁilṯāḵ)	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁilṯawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁilṯā)		3^rd person	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܹܗ (ˁilṯēh)	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (ˁilṯāh)	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ˁilṯhōn)
plural	absolute	ܥܸܠܠܵܢ̈ (ˁillān)		1^st person	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (ˁillāṯī)		ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (ˁillāṯan)
	construct	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂̈ (ˁillāṯ)		2^nd person	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ˁillāṯōḵ)	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ˁillāṯāḵ)	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁillāṯawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܸ̈ܠܠܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁillāṯā)		3^rd person	ܥܸ̈ܠܠܵܬ݂ܹܗ (ˁillāṯēh)	ܥܸ̈ܠܠܵܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (ˁillāṯāh)	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ˁillāṯhōn)

Derived terms

ܡܸܢ ܥܸܠܲܬ݂ (min ˁillaṯ, “because of, due to”)
ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܢܵܐ (ˁilṯānā, “caused”)
ܡܥܲܠܬܸܢ (mˁaltin, “to cause”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܥ ܠ ܠ. The sense of "disease" is a calque of Arabic عِلَّة (ʕilla). Compare also Hebrew עִלָּה (ʿillâ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ʕɛll(ə)θɑ] (singular)
IPA^(key): [ʕɛl(lə)le], [ʕɛl(lə)lɑθɑ] (plural)

Noun

ܥܠܬܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܥܠܠܬܐ or ܥܠܬܐ or ܥܠܠܐ)

cause, reason, motive, pretext, pretense
occasion, opportunity
necessity
means
sin, crime, fault
proof, evidence, accusation, argument, complaint
subject, topic (e.g. of a book)
introduction, heading
thing, object, article, affair
(in the plural) receptacles
(grammar) root (noun of a derived adjective)
(pathology) sickness, illness, disease

Inflection

Inflection of **ܥܠܬܐ**
	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
	state	form		person	m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܠܐ		1^st person	ܥܠܬܝ		ܥܠܬܢ
	construct	ܥܠܬ		2^nd person	ܥܠܬܟ	ܥܠܬܟܝ	ܥܠܬܟܘܢ	ܥܠܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic			3^rd person	ܥܠܬܗ	ܥܠܬܗ	ܥܠܬܗܘܢ	ܥܠܬܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܠܠܢ ,ܥܠܢ		1^st person	ܥܠܠܬܝ ,ܥܠܬܝ ,ܥܠܠܝ		ܥܠܠܬܢ ,ܥܠܬܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܢ
	construct	ܥܠܠܬ ,ܥܠܬ		2^nd person	ܥܠܠܬܟ ,ܥܠܬܟ ,ܥܠܠܝܟ	ܥܠܠܬܟܝ ,ܥܠܬܟܝ ,ܥܠܠܝܟܝ	ܥܠܠܬܟܘܢ ,ܥܠܬܟܘܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܟܘܢ	ܥܠܠܬܟܝܢ ,ܥܠܬܟܝܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܠܠܬܐ , ,ܥܠܠܐ		3^rd person	ܥܠܠܬܗ ,ܥܠܬܗ ,ܥܠܠܘܗܝ	ܥܠܠܬܗ ,ܥܠܬܗ ,ܥܠܠܝܗ	ܥܠܠܬܗܘܢ ,ܥܠܬܗܘܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܗܘܢ	ܥܠܠܬܗܝܢ ,ܥܠܬܗܝܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From the root ܥ ܠ ܐ related to raising up. Compare Hebrew עוֹלָה (ʿôlâ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ʕ(ə)lɑθɑ]

Noun

ܥܠܬܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܥܠܘܬܐ)

offering, sacrifice, holocaust, oblation
high place, altar

Inflection

Inflection of **ܥܠܬܐ**
	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
	state	form		person	m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܠܐ		1^st person	ܥܠܬܝ		ܥܠܬܢ
	construct	ܥܠܬ		2^nd person	ܥܠܬܟ	ܥܠܬܟܝ	ܥܠܬܟܘܢ	ܥܠܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic			3^rd person	ܥܠܬܗ	ܥܠܬܗ	ܥܠܬܗܘܢ	ܥܠܬܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܠܘܢ		1^st person	ܥܠܘܬܝ		ܥܠܘܬܢ
	construct	ܥܠܘܬ		2^nd person	ܥܠܘܬܟ	ܥܠܘܬܟܝ	ܥܠܘܬܟܘܢ	ܥܠܘܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܠܘܬܐ		3^rd person	ܥܠܘܬܗ	ܥܠܘܬܗ	ܥܠܘܬܗܘܢ	ܥܠܘܬܗܝܢ

References

“ˁlh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 252a
Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 416a
Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, pages 1106b–1107a