上京

Chinese

		up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up	capital; Beijing (abbrev.)
simp. and trad. (上京)		上	京

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shàngjīng

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄤˋ ㄐㄧㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng⁶ ging¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shàngjīng
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄤˋ ㄐㄧㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shàngjing
  - Wade–Giles: shang⁴-ching¹
  - Yale: shàng-jīng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shanqjing
  - Palladius: шанцзин (šanczin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: soeng⁶ ging¹
  - Yale: seuhng gīng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng⁶ ging¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng⁶ ging¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ²² kɪŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: dzyangH kjaeng

Rime
Character	上	京
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	時亮切	舉卿切
Baxter	dzyangH	kjaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑɨɐŋ^H/	/kˠiæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɐŋ^H/	/kᵚiaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑiɑŋ^H/	/kiaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑɨaŋ^H/	/kiajŋ/
Li Rong	/ʑiaŋ^H/	/kiɐŋ/
Wang Li	/ʑĭaŋ^H/	/kĭɐŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʑi̯aŋ^H/	/ki̯ɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shàng	jīng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soeng⁶	ging¹

Noun

上京

(literary) capital

Proper noun

上京

(archaic) China
(～鎮) Shangjing (a town in Datian, Sanming, Fujian, China)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shàngjīng

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄤˋ ㄐㄧㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng⁵ ging¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sông-kîn

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shàngjīng
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄤˋ ㄐㄧㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shàngjing
  - Wade–Giles: shang⁴-ching¹
  - Yale: shàng-jīng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shanqjing
  - Palladius: шанцзин (šanczin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: soeng⁵ ging¹
  - Yale: séuhng gīng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng⁵ ging¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng⁵ ging¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ¹³ kɪŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sông-kîn
  - Hakka Romanization System: song^ˊ gin^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: song¹ gin¹
  - Sinological IPA: /soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kin²⁴/

Verb

上⫽京 (verb-object) (intransitive)

(historical) to go to the capital
上京赴考 ― shàngjīng fù kǎo ― to go to the capital for the imperial examination

Japanese

Kanji in this term
上	京
じょう Grade: 1	きょう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 上 (MC dzyangX) + 京 (MC kjaeng).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じょーきょー [jòókyóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑo̞ːkʲo̞ː]

Noun

上(じょう)京(きょう) • (jōkyō) ^{←じやうきやう (zyaukyau)^?}

going to capital city
1. going to Tokyo
2. (historical or humorous) going to Kyoto
  Synonyms: 上(じょう)洛(らく) (jōraku)

Verb

上(じょう)京(きょう)する • (jōkyō suru) ^{←じやうきやう (zyaukyau)^?}intransitive suru (stem 上(じょう)京(きょう)し (jōkyō shi), past 上(じょう)京(きょう)した (jōkyō shita))

go to capital city
1. go to Tokyo
2. (historical or humorous) go to Kyoto
  Synonyms: 上(じょう)洛(らく) (jōraku)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "上京する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	上京し	じょうきょうし	jōkyō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	上京し	じょうきょうし	jōkyō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	上京する	じょうきょうする	jōkyō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	上京する	じょうきょうする	jōkyō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	上京すれ	じょうきょうすれ	jōkyō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	上京せよ¹ 上京しろ²	じょうきょうせよ¹ じょうきょうしろ²	jōkyō seyo¹ jōkyō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	上京される	じょうきょうされる	jōkyō sareru
Causative	上京させる上京さす	じょうきょうさせるじょうきょうさす	jōkyō saseru jōkyō sasu
Potential	上京できる	じょうきょうできる	jōkyō dekiru
Volitional	上京しよう	じょうきょうしよう	jōkyō shiyō
Negative	上京しない	じょうきょうしない	jōkyō shinai
Negative continuative	上京せず	じょうきょうせず	jōkyō sezu
Formal	上京します	じょうきょうします	jōkyō shimasu
Perfective	上京した	じょうきょうした	jōkyō shita
Conjunctive	上京して	じょうきょうして	jōkyō shite
Hypothetical conditional	上京すれば	じょうきょうすれば	jōkyō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
上	京

Noun

上京 • (sanggyeong) (hangeul 상경)

hanja form^? of 상경 (“going to Seoul”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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