侷促

Chinese

		narrow	to hurry; to rush; to hasten to hurry; to rush; to hasten; near; to promote
trad. (侷促/局促/跼促)		侷/局/跼	促
simp. (局促)		局	促

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): júcù

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩˊ ㄘㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): guk⁶ cuk¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kio̍k-chhiok
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁸jioq-tshoq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: júcù
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˊ ㄘㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyúcù
  - Wade–Giles: chü²-tsʻu⁴
  - Yale: jyú-tsù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyutsuh
  - Palladius: цзюйцу (czjujcu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy³⁵ t͡sʰu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: guk⁶ cuk¹
  - Yale: guhk chūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: guk⁹ tsuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: gug⁶ cug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊk̚² t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kio̍k-chhiok
  - Tâi-lô: kio̍k-tshiok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiogchiog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sʰiɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁸jioq-tshoq
  - MiniDict: jioh^入 tshoh
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵jjioq-tshoq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑioʔ¹¹ t͡sʰoʔ²³/

Middle Chinese: gjowk tshjowk

Rime
Character	侷	促
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	燭 (8)	燭 (8)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	渠玉切	七玉切
Baxter	gjowk	tshjowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨok̚/	/t͡sʰɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡiok̚/	/t͡sʰiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiok̚/	/t͡sʰiok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/guawk̚/	/t͡sʰuawk̚/
Li Rong	/ɡiok̚/	/t͡sʰiok̚/
Wang Li	/ɡĭwok̚/	/t͡sʰĭwok̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯wok̚/	/t͡sʰi̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jú	cu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	guk⁶	cuk¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡoɡ sʰoɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	侷	促
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	7030	17927
Phonetic component	局	足
Rime group	屋	屋
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	局	促
Old Chinese	/*ɡoɡ/	/*sʰoɡ/
Notes	局分化字

Adjective

侷促

Synonyms

(narrow):

促狹 / 促狭 (cùxiá) (literary)
局 (kio̍k) (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
狹奪 / 狭夺 (Xiamen Hokkien)
狹奪奪 / 狭夺夺 (Hokkien)
狹小 / 狭小 (xiáxiǎo)
狹櫼櫼 / 狭櫼櫼 (Hokkien)
狹𤲍楔 / 狭𤲍楔 (Hokkien)
狹𤲍𤲍 / 狭𤲍𤲍 (Hokkien)
狹突突 / 狭突突 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
狹窄 / 狭窄 (xiázhǎi)
狹細 / 狭细 (Hokkien)
狹閉不 / 狭闭不 (Hokkien)
狹隘 / 狭隘 (xiá'ài)
窄
窄小 (zhǎixiǎo)
褊狹 / 褊狭 (biǎnxiá) (literary)
逼仄 (bīzè) (literary)

(ill at ease):

拘束 (jūshù)
拘謹 / 拘谨 (jūjǐn)
矜持 (jīnchí)

(short of time):

促忙 (cùmáng) (literary)
倉促 / 仓促 (cāngcù)
倉卒 / 仓卒 (cāngcù)
倉忙 / 仓忙 (cāngmáng) (literary)
倉皇 / 仓皇 (cānghuáng)
匆促 (cōngcù)
匆匆 (cōngcōng)
匆忙 (cōngmáng)
匆猝 (cōngcù) (literary)
急且 (jíqiě) (literary)
急促 (jícù)
急切 (jíqiè)
急匆匆 (jícōngcōng)
急急 (jíjí) (literary)
急迫 (jípò)
慌促 (huāngcù)
慌忙 (huāngmáng)
緊狂 / 紧狂 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “ill at ease”):

瀟灑 / 潇洒 (xiāosǎ)
灑脫 / 洒脱 (sǎtuō)
自在
超逸 (chāoyì)

Derived terms

侷促一隅
侷促不安

Verb

侷促

to feel or show constraint
- 燕地寒，花朝節後，餘寒猶厲，凍風時作，作則飛沙走礫，局促一室之内，欲出不得。每冒風馳行，未百步輒返。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  燕地寒，花朝节后，余寒犹厉，冻风时作，作则飞沙走砾，局促一室之内，欲出不得。每冒风驰行，未百步辄返。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: 1599, 袁宏道, 《滿井游記》
  Yān dì hán, huāzhāojié hòu, yú hán yóu lì, dòng fēng shí zuò, zuò zé fēishāzǒulì, júcù yī shì zhīnèi, yù chū bùdé. Měi mào fēng chí xíng, wèi bǎibù zhé fǎn. [Pinyin]
  It was cold in the Yan region (present-day Beijing). After the birth of flowers festival [on the 12th day of the second month], the lingering cold was still very intense. When wind blew up, it could be seen sand flying and pebbles rolling. [Therefore,] I was confined to a room, unable to go out even if I wanted to. Every time I ventured to go out on my horse, in less than a hundred paces I had to return.