加減
See also: 加减
Chinese
| to add; plus | to lower; to decrease; to reduce to lower; to decrease; to reduce; to subtract; to diminish | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (加減) | 加 | 減 | |
| simp. (加减) | 加 | 减 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gaa1 gaam2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kâ-kám
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ke-kiám / kee-kiám
- Wu (Suzhou, Wugniu): 1ka-ke3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jiājiǎn
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚ ㄐㄧㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiajiǎn
- Wade–Giles: chia1-chien3
- Yale: jyā-jyǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiajean
- Palladius: цзяцзянь (czjaczjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gaa1 gaam2
- Yale: gā gáam
- Cantonese Pinyin: gaa1 gaam2
- Guangdong Romanization: ga1 gam2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaː⁵⁵ kaːm³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâ-kám
- Hakka Romanization System: gaˊ gamˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ga1 gam3
- Sinological IPA: /ka²⁴ kam³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Kinmen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke-kiám
- Tâi-lô: ke-kiám
- Phofsit Daibuun: ke'kiarm
- IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /ke⁴⁴⁻²² kiam⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ke³³ kiam⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ke⁴⁴⁻³³ kiam⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /ke⁴⁴⁻³³ kiam⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kee-kiám
- Tâi-lô: kee-kiám
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² kiam⁵³/
- IPA (Penang): /kɛ³³⁻²¹ kiam⁴⁴⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Kinmen)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: kae keamX
Verb
加減
- (literal) to increase or decrease; to add or subtract
- 《刑名》所以經略罪法之輕重，正加減之等差。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 648 CE, Fang Xuanling (lead editor), Book of Jin
- “Xíngmíng” suǒyǐ jīnglüè zuìfǎ zhī qīngzhòng, zhèng jiājiǎn zhī děngchā. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
《刑名》所以经略罪法之轻重，正加减之等差。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (figurative) to adjust
Derived terms
Adverb
加減
- (Hakka, Hokkien) somewhat; to some extent; more or less
- (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) casually; carelessly
Derived terms
- 加减好
Descendants
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 加 | 減 |
| か Grade: 4 |
げん Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
加減 • (kagen)
- addition and subtraction
- adjustment, moderation
- degree, amount (of seasoning, heating, etc.)
- physical condition, how one is feeling
Derived terms
Suffix
加減 • (-kagen)
Verb
加減する • (kagen suru) transitive suru (stem 加減し (kagen shi), past 加減した (kagen shita))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "加減する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 加減し | かげんし | kagen shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 加減し | かげんし | kagen shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 加減する | かげんする | kagen suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 加減する | かげんする | kagen suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 加減すれ | かげんすれ | kagen sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 加減せよ¹ 加減しろ² |
かげんせよ¹ かげんしろ² |
kagen seyo¹ kagen shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 加減される | かげんされる | kagen sareru | |
| Causative | 加減させる 加減さす |
かげんさせる かげんさす |
kagen saseru kagen sasu | |
| Potential | 加減できる | かげんできる | kagen dekiru | |
| Volitional | 加減しよう | かげんしよう | kagen shiyō | |
| Negative | 加減しない | かげんしない | kagen shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 加減せず | かげんせず | kagen sezu | |
| Formal | 加減します | かげんします | kagen shimasu | |
| Perfective | 加減した | かげんした | kagen shita | |
| Conjunctive | 加減して | かげんして | kagen shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 加減すれば | かげんすれば | kagen sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
- ^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 加 | 減 |
Noun
加減 • (gagam) (hangeul 가감)