古今
Chinese
| ancient; old | today; modern; present today; modern; present; current; this; now | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (古今) | 古 | 今 | |
| simp. #(古今) | 古 | 今 | |
| anagram | 今古 | ||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gu2 gam1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kú-kîm
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kó͘-kim
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: gǔjīn
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ ㄐㄧㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gǔjin
- Wade–Giles: ku3-chin1
- Yale: gǔ-jīn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guujin
- Palladius: гуцзинь (guczinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gu2 gam1
- Yale: gú gām
- Cantonese Pinyin: gu2 gam1
- Guangdong Romanization: gu2 gem1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuː³⁵ kɐm⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kú-kîm
- Hakka Romanization System: guˋ gimˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gu3 gim1
- Sinological IPA: /ku³¹ kim²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘-kim
- Tâi-lô: kóo-kim
- Phofsit Daibuun: kofkym
- IPA (Xiamen): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kim⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kim³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kim⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kim⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kim⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien)
- Middle Chinese: kuX kim
Noun
古今
Derived terms
- 傳譽古今 / 传誉古今
- 冠絕古今 / 冠绝古今
- 博覽古今 / 博览古今
- 古今中外 (gǔjīnzhōngwài)
- 古今兒 / 古今儿
- 古今圖書集成 / 古今图书集成
- 古今多少事,都付笑談中 / 古今多少事,都付笑谈中 (gǔjīn duōshǎo shì, dōu fù xiàotán zhōng)
- 古今小說 / 古今小说
- 古今少有
- 古今有一無二 / 古今有一无二
- 古今東西 / 古今东西 (gǔjīndōngxī)
- 古今注
- 古今絕色 / 古今绝色
- 洞鑒古今 / 洞鉴古今
- 知古今兒 / 知古今儿
- 貽範古今 / 贻范古今
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (古今):
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 古 | 今 |
| こ Grade: 2 |
きん Grade: 2 |
| kan'on | |
From Middle Chinese 古今 (MC kuX kim).
The reading is kan'on, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation
Noun
古今 • (kokin)
- the past and present
- short for 古今雛 (kokin-bina): a style of hinamatsuri doll from the late Edo period
Derived terms
- 古今伝授 (kokin denju)
- 古今雛 (kokin-bina)
- 古今節 (kokin-bushi)
- 古今帽子 (kokin bōshi)
- 古今和歌集 (Kokin Wakashū), 古今集 (Kokinshū)
- 古今和歌六帖 (Kokin Waka Rokujō), 古今六帖 (Kokin Rokujō)
- 古今綿 (kokin wata)
Proper noun
古今 • (Kokin)
Derived terms
- 古今組 (Kokin-gumi)
- 古今調 (Kokin-chō)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 古 | 今 |
| こ Grade: 2 |
こん Grade: 2 |
| kan'on | goon |
From Middle Chinese 古今 (MC kuX kim).
Uses the goon reading for the latter kanji, suggesting an older borrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ko̞kõ̞ɴ]
Noun
古今 • (kokon)
Derived terms
- 古今夷曲集 (Kokon Ikyokushū)
- 古今詩集 (Kokon Shishū)
- 古今著聞集 (Kokon Chomonjū)
- 古今亭 (kokontei)
- 古今東西 (kokon tōzai)
- 古今図書集成 (Kokon Tosho Shūsei)
- 古今独歩 (kokon doppo)
- 古今百馬鹿 (Kokon Hyaku-baka)
- 古今未曽有 (kokon mizou)
- 古今無双 (kokon musō), 古今無双 (kokon busō)
- 古今銘尽大全 (Kokon Meizukushi Taizen)
- 古今名物類聚 (Kokon Meibutsu Ruijū)
- 古今要覧稿 (Kokon Yōrankō)
- 古今類句 (kokon ruiku)
- 和字古今通例全書 (Waji Kokon Tsūrei Zensho)
Proverbs
- 人古今に通ぜざるは馬牛にして襟裾す (hito kokon ni tsūzezaru wa bagyū ni shite kinkyo su)
Proper noun
古今 • (Kokon)
- a surname
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 古 | 今 |
| いにしえ Grade: 2 |
いま Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi | |
Compound of 古 (inishie, “the past, ancient times”) + 今 (ima, “now”).[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [iɲ̟iɕie̞ ima̠]
Noun
古今 • (inishie ima) ←いにしへいま (inisifeima)?
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN