堤
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Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
Han character
堤 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土日一人 (GAMO), four-corner 46181, composition ⿰土是)
Derived characters
- 𠽯
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 233, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5259
- Dae Jaweon: page 470, character 36
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 463, character 1
- Unihan data for U+5824
Bailang
Etymology
Borrowed from Old Chinese 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds), or else related to Burmese တယ် (tai, “very”), Tibetan ཆེ (che, “big”).
Adjective
堤 (*de)
Alternative forms
- 是 (*dzéB)
References
- Hill, Nathan W. (2017) “Songs of the Bailang: A New Transcription with Etymological Commentary”, in Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient[1], volume 103, pages 386—429
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
堤 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 隄 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (是) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 鞮 | *teː |
| 隄 | *teː, *deː |
| 堤 | *teː, *teːʔ, *dje |
| 鍉 | *teː |
| 蝭 | *teːs, *deː |
| 醍 | *tʰeːʔ, *deː |
| 緹 | *tʰeːʔ, *deː |
| 提 | *deː, *dje |
| 瑅 | *deː |
| 題 | *deː, *deːs |
| 媞 | *deː, *deːʔ, *djeʔ |
| 褆 | *deː, *deʔ, *djeʔ |
| 禔 | *deː, *tje, *dje |
| 騠 | *deː |
| 趧 | *deː |
| 鯷 | *deː, *deːs, *djes |
| 踶 | *deːs, *deʔ |
| 徥 | *deʔ, *djeʔ |
| 匙 | *dje |
| 是 | *djeʔ |
| 諟 | *djeʔ |
| 翨 | *hljes, *kles |
| 睼 | *tʰeːns |
| 寔 | *djɯɡ |
| 湜 | *dɯɡ |
| 遈 | *djɯɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *teː, *teːʔ, *dje): semantic 土 (“soil”) + phonetic 是 (OC *djeʔ).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: dī
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: di
- Wade–Giles: ti1
- Yale: dī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: di
- Palladius: ди (di)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: tí
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tí
- Wade–Giles: tʻi2
- Yale: tí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyi
- Palladius: ти (ti)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰi³⁵/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: tí
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): ti2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰi²⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: tai4
- Yale: tàih
- Cantonese Pinyin: tai4
- Guangdong Romanization: tei4
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɐi̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thì
- Hakka Romanization System: tiˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ti2
- Sinological IPA: /tʰi¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: ti
- Sinological IPA: /tʰi⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thê
- Tâi-lô: thê
- Phofsit Daibuun: tee
- IPA (Xiamen): /tʰe²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰe²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰe¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /tʰe²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰe²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: doi1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: toi
- Sinological IPA (key): /toi³³/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: tej
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*teː/
Definitions
堤
- dyke; embankment
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) base of bottles
Usage notes
Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) proscribes the use of the pronunciation tí.
Synonyms
- (dyke):
Compounds
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: tǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tǐ
- Wade–Giles: tʻi3
- Yale: tǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tii
- Palladius: ти (ti)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰi²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: tejX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*teːʔ/
Definitions
堤
Pronunciation 3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shí
- Zhuyin: ㄕˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shíh
- Wade–Giles: shih2
- Yale: shŕ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyr
- Palladius: ши (ši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: tí
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tí
- Wade–Giles: tʻi2
- Yale: tí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyi
- Palladius: ти (ti)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰi³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Middle Chinese: dzye
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*dje/
Definitions
堤
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) only used in 堤封 (shífēng, “in total; approximately”)
Pronunciation 4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wéi
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wéi
- Wade–Giles: wei2
- Yale: wéi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wei
- Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /weɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
堤
- (historical dictionaries only) Used in place names.
Japanese
Kanji
堤
Readings
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 堤 |
| つつみ Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 堤 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 堤, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 堤 (MC tej). Recorded as Middle Korean 뎨 (tyey) (Yale: tyey) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
- hanja form? of 제 (“dyke; embankment”)
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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