山寨
Chinese
| mountain; hill | stronghold; stockade | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (山寨) | 山 | 寨 | |
| simp. #(山寨) | 山 | 寨 | |
| alternative forms | 山砦／山寨 | ||
Etymology
The use of "Shanzhai" to refer to imitation products comes from Cantonese slang, in which "shanzhai factory" (山寨廠／山寨厂) means an ill-equipped, low-end and family-based factory.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shānzhài
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄢ ㄓㄞˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shanjhài
- Wade–Giles: shan1-chai4
- Yale: shān-jài
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shanjay
- Palladius: шаньчжай (šanʹčžaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: saan1 zaai6
- Yale: sāan jaaih
- Cantonese Pinyin: saan1 dzaai6
- Guangdong Romanization: san1 zai6
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːn⁵⁵ t͡saːi̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sân-chai
- Hakka Romanization System: sanˊ zai
- Hagfa Pinyim: san1 zai4
- Sinological IPA: /san²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sai̯⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soaⁿ-chē
- Tâi-lô: suann-tsē
- Phofsit Daibuun: svoaze
- IPA (Xiamen): /suã⁴⁴⁻²² t͡se²²/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /suã⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡se³³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /suã³³ t͡se⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soaⁿ-chēe
- Tâi-lô: suann-tsēe
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /suã⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɛ²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: suan1 zê7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: suaⁿ tsē
- Sinological IPA (key): /sũã³³⁻²³ t͡se¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
Noun
山寨
- mountain stronghold
- mountain camp
- mountain fortress
- fortified mountain village
- (slang) shanzhai; fake or pirated good, especially an electronic one; knockoff