忽

忽 U+5FFD, 忽
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FFD
← 忼
[U+5FFC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 忾 →
[U+5FFE]

Translingual

Han character

忽 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 心竹心 (PHP), four-corner 27332, composition ⿱勿心)

Derived characters

Additional Derived Characters
  • 𬾠, 𡝲, 𣇤, 𪲨, 𬊡, 𤙹, 𤦏, 𦜩, 𥇰, 𦁕(𰬦), 𦖟, 𰃒, 𧩓, 𧇰, 𩋚, 𪍃, 𫜚
  • 𢽨, 𪯏, 𭞿, 𪂒, 𫻜, 𡱽, 𩭳, 𲀠, 𫆒

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 378, character 34
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10405
  • Dae Jaweon: page 707, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2274, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5FFD

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 忽
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (勿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
脗 *minʔ
吻 *mɯnʔ
刎 *mɯnʔ
伆 *mɯnʔ, *mɯd
勽 *buːs, *mɯnʔ
沕 *mrɯd, *mɯd
忽 *hmɯːd
昒 *hmɯːd, *mɯd
惚 *hmɯːd
匫 *hmɯːd
笏 *hmɯːd
曶 *hmɯːd
淴 *ʔmɯːd
物 *mɯd
勿 *mɯd
芴 *mɯd
岉 *mɯd

Historically and academically considered a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hmɯːd): phonetic 勿 (OC *mɯd) + semantic 心 (“heart”). Incorrectly colloquially explained as an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 勿 (“not”) + 心 (“heart”).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
 忽
alternative forms 芴

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 忽
Mandarin Beijing /xu⁵⁵/
Harbin /xu⁴⁴/
Tianjin /xu²¹/
Jinan /xu²¹³/
Qingdao /xu⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /xu²⁴/
Xi'an /xu²¹/
Xining /xv̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /xu¹³/
Lanzhou /xu³¹/
Ürümqi /xu⁴⁴/
Wuhan /xu²¹³/
Chengdu /fu³¹/
Guiyang /fu²¹/
Kunming /xu³¹/
Nanjing /xuʔ⁵/
Hefei /xuəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /xuəʔ²/
Pingyao /xuʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /xuəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /hoʔ⁵/
Suzhou /huəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /hoʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /ɕy²¹³/
Hui Shexian /xuʔ²¹/
Tunxi /xu⁵/
Xiang Changsha /fu²⁴/
Xiangtan /ɸu²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /fɨʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /fut̚¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐt̚⁵/
Nanning /fɐt̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /fut̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hut̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /huɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xo²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /huk̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hut̚⁵/
Rime
Character 忽
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 沒 (56)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 呼骨切
Baxter xwot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/huət̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/huot̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/xuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/hwət̚/
Li
Rong 		/xuət̚/
Wang
Li 		/xuət̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/xuət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		hu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fat1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 忽
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		hū
Middle
Chinese 		‹ xwot ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m̥ˁut/
English careless; confused

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 忽
Reading # 1/1
No. 13211
Phonetic
component 		勿
Rime
group 		物
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*hmɯːd/

Definitions

忽

  1. suddenly; abruptly
  2. to neglect; to ignore
  3. (dated) the number 10-5; 1/100000th of certain units of measure
    忽米  ―  hūmǐ  ―  centimillimeter
    1. (Mainland China) traditional unit of length equal to 1/100000th of 寸 (cùn, “Chinese inch, 1/3 decimeter”) ≈ 0.33 micron
    2. (Mainland China) traditional unit of weight equal to 1/100000th of 錢／钱 (qián, “mace”) = 50 microgram
  4. a surname

Compounds

  • 一忽
  • 一忽兒 / 一忽儿
  • 倏來忽往 / 倏来忽往
  • 倏忽
  • 公忽
  • 奄忽
  • 岸忽
  • 忽上忽下
  • 忽冷忽熱 / 忽冷忽热 (hūlěnghūrè)
  • 忽剌八
  • 忽剌巴
  • 忽喜忽憂 / 忽喜忽忧
  • 忽地 (hūdì)
  • 忽微
  • 忽忽
  • 忽忽不樂 / 忽忽不乐
  • 忽怳 (hūhuǎng)
  • 忽恍 (hūhuǎng)
  • 忽明忽滅 / 忽明忽灭
  • 忽東忽西 / 忽东忽西
  • 忽然 (hūrán)
  • 忽略 (hūlüè)
  • 忽的
  • 忽視 / 忽视 (hūshì)
  • 忽而 (hū'ér)
  • 忽聚忽散
  • 忽荒
  • 忽見 / 忽见 (hūjiàn)
  • 忽起忽落
  • 忽閃 / 忽闪
  • 忽隱忽現 / 忽隐忽现
  • 忽雷 (hūléi)
  • 忽高忽低
  • 忽魯魯 / 忽鲁鲁
  • 怳忽 (huǎnghū)
  • 怠忽
  • 怠忽職守 / 怠忽职守
  • 恍忽 (huǎnghū)
  • 恍恍忽忽
  • 恤近忽遠 / 恤近忽远
  • 悠忽
  • 悠悠忽忽
  • 暴忽
  • 杪忽
  • 沒忽的 / 没忽的
  • 玩忽
  • 疏忽
  • 眇眇忽忽
  • 瞻前忽後 / 瞻前忽后
  • 禍生於忽 / 祸生于忽
  • 秒忽
  • 簡忽 / 简忽
  • 粗忽
  • 罕忽
  • 翕忽
  • 荒忽
  • 行行忽忽
  • 行蹤飄忽 / 行踪飘忽
  • 超忽
  • 軋忽 / 轧忽
  • 輕忽 / 轻忽 (qīnghū)
  • 迷忽忽
  • 這忽兒 / 这忽儿
  • 連朦帶忽 / 连朦带忽
  • 陵忽
  • 飄忽 / 飘忽 (piāohū)
  • 飄忽不定 / 飘忽不定 (piāohūbùdìng)
  • 驀忽 / 蓦忽
  • 驀忽間 / 蓦忽间
  • 黑忽忽 (hēihūhū)

See also

Chinese historical small numbers
Value Character Notes
10-1 分 (fèn) Still in use. SI prefix deci-.
10-2 厘 (lí), 釐 (lí) Still in use. SI prefix centi-.
10-3 毫 (háo) Still in use. SI prefix milli-. Also 毛 (máo).
10-4 絲 / 丝 (sī) Rarely used today.
秒 (miǎo) Obsolete, only in ancient texts.
10-5 忽 (hū) Rarely used today.
10-6 微 (wēi) Still in use. SI prefix micro-.
10-7 纖 / 纤 (xiān) Obsolete.
10-8 沙 (shā) Obsolete.
10-9 塵 / 尘 (chén) Obsolete. 納 / 纳 (nà) and 奈 (nài) are used for nano-.
10-10 埃 (āi) Obsolete. In modern use, the character for angstrom (10-10 m).
10-11 渺 (miǎo) Obsolete.
10-12 漠 (mò) Obsolete. 皮 (pí) is used for SI prefix pico-.

References

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
 忽
alternative forms 窟

Pronunciation

Definitions

忽 (Cantonese)

  1. place
  2. part

Compounds

  • 一岩一忽
  • 東一忽西一忽 / 东一忽西一忽
  • 邊忽 / 边忽

Goguryeo

Etymology

Possibly related to Middle Korean 골〯 (kwǒl) and Middle Korean ᄀᆞ옳 (kòwòlh).[1] A possible Wanderwort; see Proto-Uralic *kota for more.[2]

Noun

忽 (*kuru or *kolo) (Records of the Three Kingdoms 溝漊).[1][2]

  1. castle, fortress

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lim, Byung-joon (1999) (A) Study on the borrowed writings of the dialect of Koguryo Dynasty in Ancient Korean (MA), Konkuk University
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Vovin, Alexander (2013) “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics‎[1], volume 15, number 2 (PDF), John Benjamins Publishing Company, →DOI, pages 222-240

Japanese

Kanji

忽

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. in a moment
  2. instantly
  3. all of a sudden
  4. neglect
  5. disregard

Readings

  • On (unclassified): こつ (kotsu)
  • Kun: ゆるがせ (yurugase, 忽せ)、たちまち (tachimachi, 忽ち)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
忽
こつ
Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

Adjective attested from at least the 16th century, noun from the 19th[1]

Noun

忽(こつ) or 忽(コツ) • (kotsu) 

  1. (mathematics) one ten-thousandth

Adjective

忽(こつ) or 忽(コツ) • (kotsu) †-tari (adnominal 忽(こつ)とした (kotsu to shita) or 忽(こつ)たる (kotsu taru), adverbial 忽(こつ)と (kotsu to) or 忽(こつ)として (kotsu to shite))

  1. (obsolete) sudden, abrupt

References

  1. ^ “こつ 【忽】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000

Korean

Hanja

忽 • (hol) (hangeul 홀)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

忽: Hán Nôm readings: hốt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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