朽木

Chinese

		rotten	tree; wood
simp. and trad. (朽木)		朽	木

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiǔmù

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄡˇ ㄇㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): nau² muk⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hiú-bo̍k

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiǔmù
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡˇ ㄇㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siǒumù
  - Wade–Giles: hsiu³-mu⁴
  - Yale: syǒu-mù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheoumuh
  - Palladius: сюму (sjumu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: nau² muk⁶
  - Yale: náu muhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nau² muk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: neo² mug⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɐu̯³⁵ mʊk̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiú-bo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: hiú-bo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiw'bok
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bɔk̚²⁴/

Middle Chinese: xjuwX muwk

Rime
Character	朽	木
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	屋 (3)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	許久切	莫卜切
Baxter	xjuwX	muwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨu^X/	/muk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/hiu^X/	/muk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/xiəu^X/	/muk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huw^X/	/məwk̚/
Li Rong	/xiu^X/	/muk̚/
Wang Li	/xĭəu^X/	/muk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xi̯ə̯u^X/	/muk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiǔ	mù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau²	muk⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰ(r)uʔ C.mˤok/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʰluʔ moːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	朽	木
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiǔ	mù
Middle Chinese	‹ xjuw^X ›	‹ muwk ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰ(r)uʔ/	/*C.mˁok/
English	rot, decay	tree, wood
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	朽	木
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	7412	9327
Phonetic component	丂	木
Rime group	幽	屋
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	朽	木
Old Chinese	/*qʰluʔ/	/*moːɡ/

Noun

朽木

rotten wood
- 朽木不可雕也，糞土之牆不可杇也！于予與何誅？ [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  朽木不可雕也，粪土之墙不可杇也！于予与何诛？ [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Xiǔmù bùkě diāo yě, fèntǔ zhī qiáng bùkě wū yě! Yú Yǔ yǔ hé zhū? [Pinyin]
  Rotten wood cannot be carved; a wall of dirty earth will not receive the trowel. This Yu! - what is the use of my reproving him?
(figurative) hopeless case; good-for-nothing

Synonyms

(rotten wood): (Hokkien) 痡柴, 臭柴, 漚柴／沤柴

Derived terms

朽木不可雕 (xiǔmù bùkě diāo)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
朽	木
くち Grade: S	き Grade: 1

Proper noun

朽(くち)木(き) • (Kuchiki)

a surname