栴檀
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (栴檀) |
栴 | 檀 | |
| alternative forms | 旃檀 | ||
Etymology
Ultimately from Sanskrit चन्दन (candana, “sandalwood”), possibly via Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀤𑀡 (caṃdaṇa) with syncope of the unstable final -a (see Bailey, 1946); cf. cognate in Tocharian B cantāṃ.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhāntán
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄢ ㄊㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhantán
- Wade–Giles: chan1-tʻan2
- Yale: jān-tán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jantarn
- Palladius: чжаньтань (čžanʹtanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂän⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zin1 taan4
- Yale: jīn tàahn
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzin1 taan4
- Guangdong Romanization: jin1 tan4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siːn⁵⁵ tʰaːn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Middle Chinese: tsyen dan
Noun
栴檀
Synonyms
- (sandalwood): 檀香 (tánxiāng)
- (bead tree):
Dialectal synonyms of 楝 (“bead tree”) [map]
Descendants
- → Japanese: 栴檀 (sendan)
- → Korean: 전단(栴檀) (jeondan)
- → Sogdian: 𐼿𐼻𐽂𐼻 (cntn /čandan/)
- → Old Uyghur: 𐽽𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰𐽺 (cyntʾn /čintan/)
- → Karakhanid: جِنْدانْ (čïndān, “sandalwood, reddish-bay colored (of horses)”)
- → Old Uyghur: 𐽽𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰𐽺 (cyntʾn /čintan/)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 栴 | 檀 |
| せん Hyōgai |
だん Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi | goon |
Pronunciation
Noun
栴檀 or 栴檀 • (sendan)
- bead tree (Melia azedarach)
- Synonym: 楝 (ōchi)
- synonym of 白檀 (byakudan, “white sandalwood, Santalum album”)
Usage notes
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary).
See also
- 苦楝子 (kurenshi)
References
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 栴 | 檀 |
Noun
栴檀 • (jeondan) (hangeul 전단)
- hanja form? of 전단 (“(Buddhism) sandalwood”)