海參

Chinese

		ocean; sea	ginseng; take part in; participate ginseng; take part in; participate; join; attend; to join; unequal; varied; irregular; to counsel; uneven; not uniform
trad. (海參/海蔘)		海	參/蔘
simp. (海参)		海	参

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hǎishēn

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄞˇ ㄕㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi² sam¹
Gan (Wiktionary): hai³ sen¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hói-sêm
Jin (Wiktionary): hai² seng¹
Northern Min (KCR): huǒi-sáing
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hai³ seng¹ / hai³ sieng¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hái-sim / hái-sam / hái-som / hái-serm

(Teochew, Peng'im): hai³ siam¹ / hai³ sim¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵he-sen

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hǎishēn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄞˇ ㄕㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hǎishen
  - Wade–Giles: hai³-shên¹
  - Yale: hǎi-shēn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haeshen
  - Palladius: хайшэнь (xajšɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hoi² sam¹
  - Yale: hói sām
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hoi² sam¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hoi² sem¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːi̯³⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: hai³ sen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hai²¹³⁻¹³ sɛn⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hói-sêm
  - Hakka Romanization System: hoi^ˋ sem^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hoi³ sem¹
  - Sinological IPA: /hoi̯³¹ sem²⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: hai² seng¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /xai⁵³ səŋ¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huǒi-sáing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuɛ²¹ saiŋ⁵⁴/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hai³ seng¹ [Phonetic: hai⁵ leng¹]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hâi-seng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hai⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ ^(ɬ-)lɛŋ⁵³³/
- (Nanri)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hai³ seng¹ [Phonetic: hai⁵ seng¹]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hai⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ ɬe̞ŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hai³ sieng¹ [Phonetic: hai⁵ lieng¹]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hai³³²⁻²¹ ^(ɬ-)liɛŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Youyang)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hai³ sieng¹ [Phonetic: hai⁵ lieng¹]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hai³³²⁻²¹ ^(θ-)liɛŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hai³ sieng¹ [Phonetic: hai⁵ lieng¹]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hai³³²⁻²¹ ^(ɬ-)lieŋ⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-sim
  - Tâi-lô: hái-sim
  - Phofsit Daibuun: haysym
  - IPA (Philippines): /hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-sam
  - Tâi-lô: hái-sam
  - Phofsit Daibuun: haysafm
  - IPA (Taipei): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sam⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Penang, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-som
  - Tâi-lô: hái-som
  - Phofsit Daibuun: haysofm
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sɔm⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sɔm⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Penang): /hai⁴⁴⁵⁻⁴⁴ sɔm³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-serm
  - Tâi-lô: hái-serm
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ səm³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hai³ siam¹ / hai³ sim¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hài siam / hài sim
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ siam³³/, /hai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sim³³/

Note:

hai3 siam1 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
hai3 sim1 - Chaoyang.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵he-sen
  - MiniDict: he^去 sen
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²he-sen
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /he³³ sən⁴⁴/

Noun

海參

sea cucumber

Derived terms

僵硬海參 / 僵硬海参 (jiāngyìng hǎishēn)
海參崴 / 海参崴
間海參 / 间海参 (jiānhǎishēn)

References

李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “1394 海参”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 428.