涼州

See also: 凉州

Chinese

		cool; cold	province; prefecture; state province; prefecture; state; county
trad. (涼州)		涼	州
simp. (凉州)		凉	州

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Liángzhōu

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄓㄡ
Cantonese (Jyutping): loeng⁴ zau¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Liángzhōu
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄓㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Liángjhou
  - Wade–Giles: Liang²-chou¹
  - Yale: Lyáng-jōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Liangjou
  - Palladius: Лянчжоу (Ljančžou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: loeng⁴ zau¹
  - Yale: lèuhng jāu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: loeng⁴ dzau¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: lêng⁴ zeo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lœːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: ljang tsyuw

Rime
Character	涼	州
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	呂章切	職流切
Baxter	ljang	tsyuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨɐŋ/	/t͡ɕɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/liɐŋ/	/t͡ɕiu/
Shao Rongfen	/liɑŋ/	/t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɨaŋ/	/cuw/
Li Rong	/liaŋ/	/t͡ɕiu/
Wang Li	/lĭaŋ/	/t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/li̯aŋ/	/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liáng	zhōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	loeng⁴	zau¹

Proper noun

涼州

(historical) Liang Province, Liangzhou (a province in ancient China)
(～區) Liangzhou (a district of Wuwei, Gansu, China)

Derived terms

西涼州 / 西凉州

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (涼州):

→ Japanese: 涼州(りょうしゅう) (Ryōshū)
→ Korean: 양주(涼州) (Yangju)