演じる

Japanese

Kanji in this term
演
えん Grade: 5
on'yomi

Etymology

Shift from verb 演(えん)ずる (enzuru), by natural progression from サ行変格活用 (sagyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs ending in -uru to 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, “upper monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -iru.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) えんじる [èńjírú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
(Tokyo) えんじる [èńjíꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑiɾɯ̟]

Verb

演(えん)じる • (enjiru) transitive ichidan (stem 演(えん)じ (enji), past 演(えん)じた (enjita))

play a part, perform
重要(じゅうよう)な役割(やくわり)を演(えん)じた。
Jūyō na yakuwari o enjita.
It played an important role.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "演じる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	演じ	えんじ	enji
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	演じ	えんじ	enji
Shūshikei ("terminal")	演じる	えんじる	enjiru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	演じる	えんじる	enjiru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	演じれ	えんじれ	enjire
Meireikei ("imperative")	演じよ¹ 演じろ²	えんじよ¹ えんじろ²	enjiyo¹ enjiro²
Key constructions
Passive	演じられる	えんじられる	enjirareru
Causative	演じさせる演じさす	えんじさせるえんじさす	enjisaseru enjisasu
Potential	演じられる演じれる³	えんじられるえんじれる³	enjirareru enjireru³
Volitional	演じよう	えんじよう	enjiyō
Negative	演じない演じぬ演じん	えんじないえんじぬえんじん	enjinai enjinu enjin
Negative continuative	演じず	えんじず	enjizu
Formal	演じます	えんじます	enjimasu
Perfective	演じた	えんじた	enjita
Conjunctive	演じて	えんじて	enjite
Hypothetical conditional	演じれば	えんじれば	enjireba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential

Synonyms

演(えん)技(ぎ)する (engi suru, “to perform”)
演(えん)ずる (enzuru)

Related terms

演(えん)技(ぎ) (engi): performance

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[NHK-1] 1.0 ^1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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