莧菜

See also: 苋菜

Chinese

		Amarantus mangostanus	dish (type of food); vegetables
trad. (莧菜)		莧	菜
simp. (苋菜)		苋	菜

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiàncài

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄘㄞˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jin⁶ coi³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): han-chhoi

(Hailu, HRS): han^˖ coi^ˇ

(Meixian, Guangdong): han⁴ coi⁴
Northern Min (KCR): hāing-cha̤̿
Eastern Min (BUC): háing-chái
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): he⁵ cai⁴ / hinn⁵ cai⁴ / henn⁵ cai⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hēng-chhài / hāng-chhài / hěng-chhài

(Teochew, Peng'im): hoin⁷ cai³ / hain⁷ cai³
Wu (Suzhou, Wugniu): ³shie-tshe₅
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): han⁵ cai⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiàncài
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄘㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siàncài
  - Wade–Giles: hsien⁴-tsʻai⁴
  - Yale: syàn-tsài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shianntsay
  - Palladius: сяньцай (sjanʹcaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jin⁶ coi³
  - Yale: yihn choi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jin⁶ tsoi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: yin⁶ coi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːn²² t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: han-chhoi
  - Hakka Romanization System: han coi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: han⁴ coi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /han⁵⁵ t͡sʰoi̯⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: han^˖ coi^ˇ
  - Sinological IPA: /han³³ t͡sʰoi¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: han⁴ coi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /han⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰoɪ⁵³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hāing-cha̤̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xaiŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɛ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: háing-chái
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɛiŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ^(t͡sʰ-)ʒɑi²¹³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: he⁵ cai⁴ [Phonetic: he¹ lai⁴]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hā̤ⁿ-cha̍i
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /he¹¹⁻⁵⁵ ^(t͡sʰ-)lai⁴²/
- (Xianyou, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hinn⁵ cai⁴ [Phonetic: hinn¹ nai⁴]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hĩ²¹⁻⁵⁵ ^(t͡sʰ-)nai⁴²/
- (Youyang)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: henn⁵ cai⁴ [Phonetic: henn¹ nai⁴]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hẽ²¹⁻⁵⁵ ^(t͡sʰ-)nai⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Taichung, Tainan, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hēng-chhài
  - Tâi-lô: hīng-tshài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hexngzhaix
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Yilan): /hiɪŋ³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰai²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hiɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰai¹¹/
  - IPA (Tainan): /hiɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰai²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hiɪŋ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰai²¹/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hāng-chhài
  - Tâi-lô: hāng-tshài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: haxngzhaix
  - IPA (Taipei): /haŋ³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰai¹¹/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /haŋ²²⁻¹² t͡sʰai¹²/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hěng-chhài
  - Tâi-lô: hǐng-tshài
  - IPA (Lukang): /hiɪŋ³³⁻²² t͡sʰai³¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hoin⁷ cai³ / hain⁷ cai³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hōiⁿ tshài / hāiⁿ tshài
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hõĩ¹¹ t͡sʰai²¹³/, /hãĩ¹¹ t͡sʰai²¹³/

Note: hain7 cai3 - Jieyang, Chaoyang.

Wu
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ³shie-tshe₅
  - MiniDict: shie^上 tshe^去
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɕɪ⁵² t͡sʰe¹¹/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: han⁵ cai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xan²¹⁻¹¹ t͡sʰai̯⁴⁵/

Noun

莧菜

edible amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 莧菜 (“amaranth”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		莧菜
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	老來少
	Taiwan	莧菜
	Harbin	莧菜
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	莧菜, 營生菜 suburbs
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	莧菜
Central Plains Mandarin	Xuzhou	莧菜
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	莧菜
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	莧菜
	Wuhan	莧菜
	Guiyang	莧菜, 鮮米菜
	Liuzhou	莧菜
	Yongzhou	莧菜
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	莧菜
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	莧菜
Cantonese	Hong Kong	莧菜
Cantonese	Dongguan	莧菜
Gan	Nanchang	莧菜
	Lichuan	莧菜
	Pingxiang	莧菜
Hakka	Meixian	莧菜
	Yudu	莧菜, 番莧
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	莧菜
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	莧菜
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	莧菜
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	莧菜
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	莧菜
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	莧菜
Huizhou	Jixi	莧菜
Northern Min	Jian'ou	莧菜
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	莧菜
Southern Min	Xiamen	莧菜
	Taipei	莧菜
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	莧菜
	Kaohsiung	莧菜
	Yilan	莧菜
	Changhua (Lukang)	莧菜
	Taichung	莧菜
	Tainan	莧菜
	Hsinchu	莧菜
	Kinmen	莧菜
	Penghu (Magong)	莧菜
	Leizhou	莧菜
	Haikou	莧菜
Puxian Min	Putian	莧菜
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	莧菜
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	莧菜
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	莧菜
	Xianyou	莧菜
	Xianyou (Fengting)	莧菜
	Xianyou (Youyang)	莧菜
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	莧菜
Waxiang	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	莧菜
Wu	Shanghai	米莧
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	莧菜
	Shanghai (Jiading)	莧菜, 米莧
	Shanghai (Chongming)	米莧
	Suzhou	莧菜
	Danyang	莧菜
	Hangzhou	莧菜
	Ningbo	莧菜
	Wenzhou	莧菜
	Jinhua	莧菜
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	花菜
Xiang	Changsha	莧菜
Xiang	Loudi	莧菜

References

李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “329 苋菜（注意区别红，白两个品种）”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 323.