衰える

Japanese

Kanji in this term
おとろ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Etymology

From Classical Japanese (おとろ) (otorofu), itself a combination of (おと) (otoro, the 未然形(みぜんけい) (mizenkei, irrealis form) of (おと) (otoru, to be inferior to)) + (-fu, an auxiliary verb expressing repetition or ongoing state) .[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) とろえ [òtóróéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [4])[2]
  • (Tokyo) とろえる [òtóróꜜèrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[2]
  • IPA(key): [o̞to̞ɾo̞e̞ɾɯ̟]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「衰える
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
衰える とろえ [òtóróéꜜrù]
Imperative (命令形) 衰えろ とろえ [òtóróéꜜrò]
Key constructions
Passive 衰えられる とろえられ [òtóróéráréꜜrù]
Causative 衰えさせる とろえさせ [òtóróésáséꜜrù]
Potential - - -
Volitional 衰えよう とろえよ [òtóróéyóꜜò]
Negative 衰えない とろえない [òtóróéꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 衰えなかった とろえなかった [òtóróéꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 衰えます とろえま [òtóróémáꜜsù]
Perfective 衰えた とろえた [òtóróꜜètà]
Conjunctive 衰えて とろえて [òtóróꜜètè]
Hypothetical conditional 衰えれば とろえれば [òtóróéꜜrèbà]

Verb

(おとろ)える • (otoroeruおとろへる (otoroferu)?intransitive ichidan (stem (おとろ) (otoroe), past (おとろ)えた (otoroeta))

  1. weaken, waste away, decline, fade
    • 2007, 新時代日漢辭典 / 新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局 / 大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:
      気力(きりょく)(おとろ)えた
      kiryoku ga otoroeta
      Willpower declined

Conjugation

References

  1. ^ 衰える”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN