講和
Chinese
to talk; speech; to speak to talk; speech; to speak; to tell; to explain |
mix together; peace; harmony mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (講和) | 講 | 和 | |
| simp. (讲和) | 讲 | 和 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gong2 wo4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kóng-fò
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kóng-hô / káng-hô
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎnghé
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤˇ ㄏㄜˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎnghé
- Wade–Giles: chiang3-ho2
- Yale: jyǎng-hé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeangher
- Palladius: цзянхэ (czjanxɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gong2 wo4
- Yale: góng wòh
- Cantonese Pinyin: gong2 wo4
- Guangdong Romanization: gong2 wo4
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔːŋ³⁵ wɔː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kóng-fò
- Hakka Romanization System: gongˋ foˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gong3 fo2
- Sinological IPA: /koŋ³¹ fo¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kóng-hô
- Tâi-lô: kóng-hô
- Phofsit Daibuun: kofnghooi
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɤ²³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ho²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: káng-hô
- Tâi-lô: káng-hô
- Phofsit Daibuun: kafnghooi
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ho²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kaŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɤ²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
Verb
講和
- to make peace; to settle a dispute; to become reconciled
Related terms
- 求和 (qiúhé)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 講 | 和 |
| こう Grade: 5 |
わ Grade: 3 |
| kan'on | goon |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 媾和 (dated) |
Etymology
/kauwa/ → /kɔːwa/ → /koːwa/
Pronunciation
Noun
- agreeing to end conflict and restore peace; reconciliation
Derived terms
- 講和条約 (kōwa jōyaku)
- 全面講和 (zenmen kōwa)
- 単独講和 (tandoku kōwa)
Verb
講和する • (kōwa suru) ←かうわ (kauwa)?intransitive suru (stem 講和し (kōwa shi), past 講和した (kōwa shita))
- to make peace
Conjugation
Conjugation of "講和する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 講和し | こうわし | kōwa shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 講和し | こうわし | kōwa shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 講和する | こうわする | kōwa suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 講和する | こうわする | kōwa suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 講和すれ | こうわすれ | kōwa sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 講和せよ¹ 講和しろ² |
こうわせよ¹ こうわしろ² |
kōwa seyo¹ kōwa shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 講和される | こうわされる | kōwa sareru | |
| Causative | 講和させる 講和さす |
こうわさせる こうわさす |
kōwa saseru kōwa sasu | |
| Potential | 講和できる | こうわできる | kōwa dekiru | |
| Volitional | 講和しよう | こうわしよう | kōwa shiyō | |
| Negative | 講和しない | こうわしない | kōwa shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 講和せず | こうわせず | kōwa sezu | |
| Formal | 講和します | こうわします | kōwa shimasu | |
| Perfective | 講和した | こうわした | kōwa shita | |
| Conjunctive | 講和して | こうわして | kōwa shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 講和すれば | こうわすれば | kōwa sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 講 | 和 |
Noun
講和 • (ganghwa) (hangeul 강화)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 講 | 和 |
Verb
講和
- chữ Hán form of giảng hoà (“to make peace; to reconcile”)