降伏
See also: 降服
Chinese
to drop; to fall; to come down to drop; to fall; to come down; to descend; to surrender |
conceal (ambush); prostrate; submit | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (降伏) | 降 | 伏 | |
| simp. #(降伏) | 降 | 伏 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: xiángfú
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤˊ ㄈㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siángfú
- Wade–Giles: hsiang2-fu2
- Yale: syáng-fú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyangfwu
- Palladius: сянфу (sjanfu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ³⁵ fu³⁵/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 降伏
降服
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hong4 fuk6
- Yale: hòhng fuhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: hong4 fuk9
- Guangdong Romanization: hong4 fug6
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔːŋ²¹ fʊk̚²/
- Homophones:
降伏
降服
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâng-ho̍k
- Tâi-lô: hâng-ho̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: hanghok
- IPA (Xiamen): /haŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /haŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /haŋ¹³⁻²² hɔk̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /haŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /haŋ²³⁻³³ hɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien)
Verb
降伏
Synonyms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 降 | 伏 |
| こう Grade: 6 |
ふく Grade: S |
| on'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 降服 |
Pronunciation
Noun
降伏 • (kōfuku)
- surrender, capitulation
- 降伏文書
- kōfuku bunsho
- instrument of surrender
- 降伏文書
- (materials science) yielding
Verb
降伏する • (kōfuku suru) intransitive suru (stem 降伏し (kōfuku shi), past 降伏した (kōfuku shita))
- to surrender, to capitulate
- (materials science) to yield
Conjugation
Conjugation of "降伏する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 降伏し | こうふくし | kōfuku shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 降伏し | こうふくし | kōfuku shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 降伏する | こうふくする | kōfuku suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 降伏する | こうふくする | kōfuku suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 降伏すれ | こうふくすれ | kōfuku sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 降伏せよ¹ 降伏しろ² |
こうふくせよ¹ こうふくしろ² |
kōfuku seyo¹ kōfuku shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 降伏される | こうふくされる | kōfuku sareru | |
| Causative | 降伏させる 降伏さす |
こうふくさせる こうふくさす |
kōfuku saseru kōfuku sasu | |
| Potential | 降伏できる | こうふくできる | kōfuku dekiru | |
| Volitional | 降伏しよう | こうふくしよう | kōfuku shiyō | |
| Negative | 降伏しない | こうふくしない | kōfuku shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 降伏せず | こうふくせず | kōfuku sezu | |
| Formal | 降伏します | こうふくします | kōfuku shimasu | |
| Perfective | 降伏した | こうふくした | kōfuku shita | |
| Conjunctive | 降伏して | こうふくして | kōfuku shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 降伏すれば | こうふくすれば | kōfuku sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 降 | 伏 |
Alternative forms
Noun
降伏 • (hangbok) (hangeul 항복)