ꙗ
See also: Ꙗ
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Translingual
Letter
ꙗ (upper case Ꙗ)
- A letter of the Old Cyrillic script.
Old Church Slavonic
Pronoun
ꙗ • (ja)
- nominative singular feminine of и (i)
Declension
Declension of и
| Singular | Masculine | Neuter | Feminine |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | и i |
ѥ je |
ꙗ ja |
| Accusative | и, нь i, nĭ |
ѥ je |
ѭ jǫ |
| Genitive | его ego |
его ego |
ѥѩ jeję |
| Locative | ѥмь jemĭ |
ѥмь jemĭ |
ѥи jei |
| Dative | емоу emu |
емоу emu |
ѥи jei |
| Instrumental | имь imĭ |
имь imĭ |
ѥѭ jejǫ |
| Dual | Masculine | Neuter | Feminine |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ꙗ ja |
и i |
и i |
| Accusative | ꙗ ja |
и i |
и i |
| Genitive | ѥю jeju |
ѥю jeju |
ѥю jeju |
| Locative | ѥю jeju |
ѥю jeju |
ѥю jeju |
| Dative | има ima |
има ima |
има ima |
| Instrumental | има ima |
има ima |
има ima |
| Plural | Masculine | Neuter | Feminine |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | и i |
ꙗ ja |
ѩ ję |
| Accusative | ѩ ję |
ꙗ ja |
ѩ ję |
| Genitive | ихъ ixŭ |
ихъ ixŭ |
ихъ ixŭ |
| Locative | ихъ ixŭ |
ихъ ixŭ |
ихъ ixŭ |
| Dative | имъ imŭ |
имъ imŭ |
имъ imŭ |
| Instrumental | ими imi |
ими imi |
ими imi |
Old East Slavic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈjɑ/→/ˈja/→/ˈja/
Pronoun
ꙗ (ja)
- alternative form of ꙗзъ (jazŭ, “I”)
Declension
Declension of Old East Slavic personal pronouns
| Singular | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ꙗзъ (jazŭ), ꙗ (ja), азъ (azŭ) | тꙑ (ty) | — |
| Accusative | мене (mene), мѧ (mę) | тебе (tebe), тѧ (tę) | себе (sebe), сѧ (sę) |
| Genitive | мене (mene) | тебе (tebe) | себе (sebe) |
| Locative | мънѣ (mŭně) | тобѣ (tobě) | собѣ (sobě) |
| Dative | мънѣ (mŭně), ми (mi) | тобѣ (tobě), ти (ti) | собѣ (sobě), си (si) |
| Instrumental | мъноѭ (mŭnojǫ) | тобоѭ (tobojǫ) | собоѭ (sobojǫ) |
| Possessive | мои (moi) | твои (tvoi) | свои (svoi) |
| Dual | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
| Nominative | вѣ (vě) | вꙑ (vy) | — |
| Accusative | на (na) | ва (va) | себе (sebe), сѧ (sę) |
| Genitive | наю (naju) | ваю (vaju) | себе (sebe) |
| Locative | наю (naju) | ваю (vaju) | собѣ (sobě) |
| Dative | нама (nama) | вама (vama) | собѣ (sobě), си (si) |
| Instrumental | нама (nama) | вама (vama) | собоѭ (sobojǫ) |
| Possessive | нашь (našĭ) | вашь (vašĭ) | свои (svoi) |
| Plural | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
| Nominative | мꙑ (my) | вꙑ (vy) | — |
| Accusative | насъ (nasŭ), нꙑ (ny) | васъ (vasŭ), вꙑ (vy) | себе (sebe), сѧ (sę) |
| Genitive | насъ (nasŭ) | васъ (vasŭ) | себе (sebe) |
| Locative | насъ (nasŭ) | васъ (vasŭ) | собѣ (sobě) |
| Dative | намъ (namŭ), нꙑ (ny) | вамъ (vamŭ), вꙑ (vy) | собѣ (sobě), си (si) |
| Instrumental | нами (nami) | вами (vami) | собоѭ (sobojǫ) |
| Possessive | нашь (našĭ) | вашь (vašĭ) | свои (svoi) |
Old Novgorodian
Etymology 1
Letter
ꙗ • (ja) (lower case, upper case Ꙗ)
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jà, *(j)ãzъ. First attested in c. 1100‒1120. Cognate with Old East Slavic ꙗ (ja), Old Ruthenian ꙗ (ja), Russian я (ja), Old Polish ja.
Alternative forms
Pronoun
ꙗ • (ja)
- first-person pronoun; I
Declension
Declension of Old Novgorodian personal pronouns
| singular | dual | plural | reflexive | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 1st person | 2nd person | ||
| nominative | ꙗꙁъ, ꙗ jazŭ, ja |
тꙑ ty |
? |
вꙑ vy |
мꙑ my |
вꙑ vy |
|
| genitive | мене mene |
тебе tebe |
? |
? |
насъ nasŭ |
васъ vasŭ |
себе sebe |
| dative | мънѣ, ми mŭně, mi |
тобѣ, ти tobě, ti |
нама nama |
вама, ва vama, va |
намъ namŭ |
вамъ, вꙑ vamŭ, vy |
собѣ sobě |
| accusative | мене, мѧ mene, mę |
тебе, тѧ tebe, tę |
? |
? |
насъ, нꙑ nasŭ, ny |
васъ, вꙑ vasŭ, vy |
себе, сѧ sebe, sę |
| instrumental | мъноѭ mŭnojǫ |
тобоѭ tobojǫ |
? |
? |
нами nami |
вами vami |
собоѭ sobojǫ |
| locative | мънѣ mŭně |
тобѣ tobě |
? |
ваю vaju |
? |
васъ vasŭ |
собѣ sobě |
| ㅤ | |||||||
| possessive | мои moi |
твои tvoi |
? |
? |
нашь našĭ |
вашь vašĭ |
свои svoi |
Further reading
- “ꙗꙁъ”, in “Birchbark Letters Corpus”, in Russian National Corpus, https://ruscorpora.ru, 2003–2025
- “ꙗ”, in “Birchbark Letters Corpus”, in Russian National Corpus, https://ruscorpora.ru, 2003–2025
- Zaliznyak, Andrey (2004) Древненовгородский диалект [Old Novgorod dialect][1] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Moscow: LRC Publishing House, →ISBN, page 820