경악하다
Korean
Etymology
경악(驚愕) (gyeong'ak, “astonishment”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kjʌ̹ŋa̠kʰa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [경아카다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gyeong'akhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gyeong'aghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kyŏngakhada |
| Yale Romanization? | kyengak.hata |
Verb
경악하다 • (gyeong'akhada) (infinitive 경악해 or 경악하여, sequential 경악하니)
- to become astonished; to become in shock (especially of something negative or undesirable)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 경악하다 (gyeong'akhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 경악한다 gyeong'akhanda |
경악해 gyeong'akhae |
경악해요 gyeong'akhaeyo |
경악합니다 gyeong'akhamnida |
| Past | 경악했다 gyeong'akhaetda |
경악했어 gyeong'akhaesseo |
경악했어요 gyeong'akhaesseoyo |
경악했습니다 gyeong'akhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 경악하느냐 gyeong'akhaneunya |
경악해 gyeong'akhae |
경악해요 gyeong'akhaeyo |
경악합니까 gyeong'akhamnikka |
| Past | 경악했느냐 gyeong'akhaenneunya |
경악했어 gyeong'akhaesseo |
경악했어요 gyeong'akhaesseoyo |
경악했습니까 gyeong'akhaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 경악하자 gyeong'akhaja |
경악해 gyeong'akhae |
경악해요 gyeong'akhaeyo |
경악하십시다 gyeong'akhasipsida | |
| Imperative | 경악해라, 경악하여라 gyeong'akhaera, gyeong'akhayeora |
경악해 gyeong'akhae |
경악해요 gyeong'akhaeyo |
경악합시오 gyeong'akhapsio | |
| Assertive | 경악하겠다 gyeong'akhagetda |
경악하겠어 gyeong'akhagesseo |
경악하겠어요 gyeong'akhagesseoyo |
경악하겠습니다 gyeong'akhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 경악해 gyeong'akhae |
경악해서, 경악하여서 gyeong'akhaeseo, gyeong'akhayeoseo |
경악하니 gyeong'akhani |
경악하니까 gyeong'akhanikka | |
| Contrast | 경악하지만 gyeong'akhajiman |
경악하는데 gyeong'akhaneunde |
경악하더니 gyeong'akhadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 경악하고 gyeong'akhago |
||||
| Condition | 경악하면 gyeong'akhamyeon |
경악해야, 경악하여야 gyeong'akhaeya, gyeong'akhayeoya |
|||
| Motive | 경악하려고 gyeong'akharyeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 경악함 gyeong'akham |
경악하기 gyeong'akhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 경악했음, 경악하였음 gyeong'akhaesseum, gyeong'akhayeosseum |
경악했기, 경악하였기 gyeong'akhaetgi, gyeong'akhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 경악한 gyeong'akhan | |||
| Present | 경악하는 gyeong'akhaneun | ||||
| Future | 경악할 gyeong'akhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 경악하신다 gyeong'akhasinda |
경악하셔 gyeong'akhasyeo |
경악하세요, 경악하셔요 gyeong'akhaseyo, gyeong'akhasyeoyo |
경악하십니다 gyeong'akhasimnida |
| Past | 경악하셨다 gyeong'akhasyeotda |
경악하셨어 gyeong'akhasyeosseo |
경악하셨어요 gyeong'akhasyeosseoyo |
경악하셨습니다 gyeong'akhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 경악하시느냐 gyeong'akhasineunya |
경악하셔 gyeong'akhasyeo |
경악하세요, 경악하셔요 gyeong'akhaseyo, gyeong'akhasyeoyo |
경악하십니까 gyeong'akhasimnikka |
| Past | 경악하셨느냐 gyeong'akhasyeonneunya |
경악하셨어 gyeong'akhasyeosseo |
경악하셨어요 gyeong'akhasyeosseoyo |
경악하셨습니까 gyeong'akhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 경악하시라 gyeong'akhasira |
경악하셔 gyeong'akhasyeo |
경악하세요 gyeong'akhaseyo |
경악하십시오 gyeong'akhasipsio | |
| Assertive | 경악하시겠다 gyeong'akhasigetda |
경악하시겠어 gyeong'akhasigesseo |
경악하시겠어요 gyeong'akhasigesseoyo |
경악하시겠습니다 gyeong'akhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 경악하셔 gyeong'akhasyeo |
경악하셔서 gyeong'akhasyeoseo |
경악하시니 gyeong'akhasini |
경악하시니까 gyeong'akhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 경악하시지만 gyeong'akhasijiman |
경악하시는데 gyeong'akhasineunde |
경악하시더니 gyeong'akhasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 경악하시고 gyeong'akhasigo |
||||
| Condition | 경악하시면 gyeong'akhasimyeon |
경악하셔야 gyeong'akhasyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 경악하시려고 gyeong'akhasiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 경악하심 gyeong'akhasim |
경악하시기 gyeong'akhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 경악하셨음 gyeong'akhasyeosseum |
경악하셨기 gyeong'akhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 경악하신 gyeong'akhasin | |||
| Present | 경악하시는 gyeong'akhasineun | ||||
| Future | 경악하실 gyeong'akhasil | ||||