능가하다
Korean
Etymology
능가(凌駕) (neungga, “excelling; surpassing; outdoing”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [nɯŋɡa̠ɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [능가하다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | neunggahada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | neunggahada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | nŭnggahada |
| Yale Romanization? | nungkahata |
Verb
능가하다 • (neunggahada) (infinitive 능가해 or 능가하여, sequential 능가하니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 능가하다 (neunggahada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 능가한다 neunggahanda |
능가해 neunggahae |
능가해요 neunggahaeyo |
능가합니다 neunggahamnida |
| Past | 능가했다 neunggahaetda |
능가했어 neunggahaesseo |
능가했어요 neunggahaesseoyo |
능가했습니다 neunggahaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 능가하느냐 neunggahaneunya |
능가해 neunggahae |
능가해요 neunggahaeyo |
능가합니까 neunggahamnikka |
| Past | 능가했느냐 neunggahaenneunya |
능가했어 neunggahaesseo |
능가했어요 neunggahaesseoyo |
능가했습니까 neunggahaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 능가하자 neunggahaja |
능가해 neunggahae |
능가해요 neunggahaeyo |
능가하십시다 neunggahasipsida | |
| Imperative | 능가해라, 능가하여라 neunggahaera, neunggahayeora |
능가해 neunggahae |
능가해요 neunggahaeyo |
능가합시오 neunggahapsio | |
| Assertive | 능가하겠다 neunggahagetda |
능가하겠어 neunggahagesseo |
능가하겠어요 neunggahagesseoyo |
능가하겠습니다 neunggahagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 능가해 neunggahae |
능가해서, 능가하여서 neunggahaeseo, neunggahayeoseo |
능가하니 neunggahani |
능가하니까 neunggahanikka | |
| Contrast | 능가하지만 neunggahajiman |
능가하는데 neunggahaneunde |
능가하더니 neunggahadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 능가하고 neunggahago |
||||
| Condition | 능가하면 neunggahamyeon |
능가해야, 능가하여야 neunggahaeya, neunggahayeoya |
|||
| Motive | 능가하려고 neunggaharyeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 능가함 neunggaham |
능가하기 neunggahagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 능가했음, 능가하였음 neunggahaesseum, neunggahayeosseum |
능가했기, 능가하였기 neunggahaetgi, neunggahayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 능가한 neunggahan | |||
| Present | 능가하는 neunggahaneun | ||||
| Future | 능가할 neunggahal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 능가하신다 neunggahasinda |
능가하셔 neunggahasyeo |
능가하세요, 능가하셔요 neunggahaseyo, neunggahasyeoyo |
능가하십니다 neunggahasimnida |
| Past | 능가하셨다 neunggahasyeotda |
능가하셨어 neunggahasyeosseo |
능가하셨어요 neunggahasyeosseoyo |
능가하셨습니다 neunggahasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 능가하시느냐 neunggahasineunya |
능가하셔 neunggahasyeo |
능가하세요, 능가하셔요 neunggahaseyo, neunggahasyeoyo |
능가하십니까 neunggahasimnikka |
| Past | 능가하셨느냐 neunggahasyeonneunya |
능가하셨어 neunggahasyeosseo |
능가하셨어요 neunggahasyeosseoyo |
능가하셨습니까 neunggahasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 능가하시라 neunggahasira |
능가하셔 neunggahasyeo |
능가하세요 neunggahaseyo |
능가하십시오 neunggahasipsio | |
| Assertive | 능가하시겠다 neunggahasigetda |
능가하시겠어 neunggahasigesseo |
능가하시겠어요 neunggahasigesseoyo |
능가하시겠습니다 neunggahasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 능가하셔 neunggahasyeo |
능가하셔서 neunggahasyeoseo |
능가하시니 neunggahasini |
능가하시니까 neunggahasinikka | |
| Contrast | 능가하시지만 neunggahasijiman |
능가하시는데 neunggahasineunde |
능가하시더니 neunggahasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 능가하시고 neunggahasigo |
||||
| Condition | 능가하시면 neunggahasimyeon |
능가하셔야 neunggahasyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 능가하시려고 neunggahasiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 능가하심 neunggahasim |
능가하시기 neunggahasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 능가하셨음 neunggahasyeosseum |
능가하셨기 neunggahasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 능가하신 neunggahasin | |||
| Present | 능가하시는 neunggahasineun | ||||
| Future | 능가하실 neunggahasil | ||||