조성하다
Korean
Etymology
조성(造成) (joseong) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈt͡ɕo̞(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [조(ː)성하다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | joseonghada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | joseonghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | chosŏnghada |
| Yale Romanization? | cōsenghata |
Verb
조성하다 • (joseonghada) (infinitive 조성해 or 조성하여, sequential 조성하니, hanja 造成하다) (transitive)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 조성하다 (joseonghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 조성한다 joseonghanda |
조성해 joseonghae |
조성해요 joseonghaeyo |
조성합니다 joseonghamnida |
| Past | 조성했다 joseonghaetda |
조성했어 joseonghaesseo |
조성했어요 joseonghaesseoyo |
조성했습니다 joseonghaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 조성하느냐 joseonghaneunya |
조성해 joseonghae |
조성해요 joseonghaeyo |
조성합니까 joseonghamnikka |
| Past | 조성했느냐 joseonghaenneunya |
조성했어 joseonghaesseo |
조성했어요 joseonghaesseoyo |
조성했습니까 joseonghaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 조성하자 joseonghaja |
조성해 joseonghae |
조성해요 joseonghaeyo |
조성하십시다 joseonghasipsida | |
| Imperative | 조성해라, 조성하여라 joseonghaera, joseonghayeora |
조성해 joseonghae |
조성해요 joseonghaeyo |
조성합시오 joseonghapsio | |
| Assertive | 조성하겠다 joseonghagetda |
조성하겠어 joseonghagesseo |
조성하겠어요 joseonghagesseoyo |
조성하겠습니다 joseonghagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 조성해 joseonghae |
조성해서, 조성하여서 joseonghaeseo, joseonghayeoseo |
조성하니 joseonghani |
조성하니까 joseonghanikka | |
| Contrast | 조성하지만 joseonghajiman |
조성하는데 joseonghaneunde |
조성하더니 joseonghadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 조성하고 joseonghago |
||||
| Condition | 조성하면 joseonghamyeon |
조성해야, 조성하여야 joseonghaeya, joseonghayeoya |
|||
| Motive | 조성하려고 joseongharyeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 조성함 joseongham |
조성하기 joseonghagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 조성했음, 조성하였음 joseonghaesseum, joseonghayeosseum |
조성했기, 조성하였기 joseonghaetgi, joseonghayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 조성한 joseonghan | |||
| Present | 조성하는 joseonghaneun | ||||
| Future | 조성할 joseonghal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 조성하신다 joseonghasinda |
조성하셔 joseonghasyeo |
조성하세요, 조성하셔요 joseonghaseyo, joseonghasyeoyo |
조성하십니다 joseonghasimnida |
| Past | 조성하셨다 joseonghasyeotda |
조성하셨어 joseonghasyeosseo |
조성하셨어요 joseonghasyeosseoyo |
조성하셨습니다 joseonghasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 조성하시느냐 joseonghasineunya |
조성하셔 joseonghasyeo |
조성하세요, 조성하셔요 joseonghaseyo, joseonghasyeoyo |
조성하십니까 joseonghasimnikka |
| Past | 조성하셨느냐 joseonghasyeonneunya |
조성하셨어 joseonghasyeosseo |
조성하셨어요 joseonghasyeosseoyo |
조성하셨습니까 joseonghasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 조성하시라 joseonghasira |
조성하셔 joseonghasyeo |
조성하세요 joseonghaseyo |
조성하십시오 joseonghasipsio | |
| Assertive | 조성하시겠다 joseonghasigetda |
조성하시겠어 joseonghasigesseo |
조성하시겠어요 joseonghasigesseoyo |
조성하시겠습니다 joseonghasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 조성하셔 joseonghasyeo |
조성하셔서 joseonghasyeoseo |
조성하시니 joseonghasini |
조성하시니까 joseonghasinikka | |
| Contrast | 조성하시지만 joseonghasijiman |
조성하시는데 joseonghasineunde |
조성하시더니 joseonghasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 조성하시고 joseonghasigo |
||||
| Condition | 조성하시면 joseonghasimyeon |
조성하셔야 joseonghasyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 조성하시려고 joseonghasiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 조성하심 joseonghasim |
조성하시기 joseonghasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 조성하셨음 joseonghasyeosseum |
조성하셨기 joseonghasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 조성하신 joseonghasin | |||
| Present | 조성하시는 joseonghasineun | ||||
| Future | 조성하실 joseonghasil | ||||