𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾
Old Uyghur
| Uyghur script | 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾 (ʾwyqwr /Uyġur/) |
|---|---|
| Orkhon script | 𐰆𐰖𐰍𐰆𐰺 (uy¹ǧur¹ /Uyġur/) 𐰆𐰖𐰍𐰺 (uy¹ǧr¹ /Uyġur/) |
| Syriac script | ܩܘܝܓܘܪ (qwygwr /Ḥuyġur/) |
| Han script | 畏兀兒 (ʔjw.ngwot.nye /Uyġu[ŕ], Uyŋu[ŕ]/) |
Etymology
Uncertain. Most likely from a Proto-Common Turkic term, but no internal etymology have been yet satisfactorily made. Cognates include Orkhon Turkic 𐰆𐰖𐰍𐰺 (uy¹ǧr¹), Middle Chinese 回鶻 (ɦuʌiɦˠuɛt̚) and Chinese 回族 (Huízú, “Hui people”).
Proper noun
𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾 (wyqwr /Uyġur/)
- Uyghur, an extinct Turkic ethnic group who lived in the Tarim Basin, Eastern Central Asia and Western China between 8th and 15th century.
- Tegirmenči Šabi-kye (ܬܟܝܪܡܢܨܝ ܫܦܝ ܟܝܐ), Treatise on god and devil U3890.v31:[1]
- ܩܘܝܓܘܪ ܛܡܩܐ ܦܘܠܙܘܢ
- qwygwr ṭmqʾ pwlzwn
- / […] Ḥuyġur tamġa bolzun!/
- May the Uyghur seal be!
- ܩܘܝܓܘܪ ܛܡܩܐ ܦܘܠܙܘܢ
- c. 13-14th centuries, anonymous, An Uyghur hymn U1864.18-25 (v14-v19):[2]
- 𐾀𐽰𐾁𐽳𐽶 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽳𐽴 𐾀𐽰𐽷 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽶𐽲 𐾀𐽰𐽺𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽺𐽽𐽶𐽲 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾
𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽹𐽴 𐽰 𐾀𐽰𐽲 𐾁𐽰𐽾 𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽶𐾀𐽰𐽷 𐽰𐽰𐽸𐽾𐽳𐽲 𐾁𐽳𐽲
𐾀𐽰𐽲 𐾁𐽰𐽾 𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽶𐾀𐽰𐽷 𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽶𐾀𐽰𐽷 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽾 𐾁𐽶𐽲 𐾀𐽰𐽱𐽽𐽺𐽷
𐽼𐽰𐽻𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽲 𐾁𐽳𐽲 𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽶𐽹𐽴 𐽰 𐽶𐽰𐽶𐽶𐾀𐾄𐽸𐽰 𐽻𐽰𐽹
𐽾𐽶𐽹𐽶𐽻 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽻 𐾁𐽶𐽲 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽹𐽴 𐽰 𐽰𐽰𐾁𐽺𐽶𐽾
𐾀𐽶𐽼 𐽼𐽶𐾀𐽶𐽶𐽳 𐾀𐽰𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽶𐽹 𐽰𐽰- tʾlwy ʾwykwz tʾk ʾʾtlyq tʾnklʾncyq ʾwyqwr
ʾylymz ʾ tʾq lʾr qʾnytʾk ʾʾdrwq lwq
tʾq lʾr qʾnytʾk qʾnytʾk ʾʾqyr lyq tʾβcnk
pʾswrwq lwq qʾnymz ʾ yʾyyẗdʾ sʾm
rymys yʾqys lyq ʾwyqwr ʾylymz ʾ ʾʾlnyr
typ pytyyw tʾkyntym ʾʾ - /Taluy ögüz teg atlïġ taŋlančïġ Uyġur
ilimz-a! Taġlar ḥanï-teg adruḳluġ,
Taġlar ḥanï-teg aġïrlïġ, Tavčuŋ
basuruḳluġ ḥanïmz-a! Yayïtda sem-
rimiš yaġïšlïġ Uyġur ilimz-a! Alnïr!
tip, bitiyü tegintim./ - O our Uyghur Khaganate, as well-known and wonderful as the seas and the rivers that flow! [Our Khan is] as excellent as the king of the mountains, [our Khan is] as revered as the king of mountains, O our Khan, to whom all of the district of Daocheng gives its unwavering support! O our Uyghur Khaganate, with sacrificial animals, fattened on pasture [for it]!... thus saying "Alnïr!", I have written this most humbly.
- tʾlwy ʾwykwz tʾk ʾʾtlyq tʾnklʾncyq ʾwyqwr
- 𐾀𐽰𐾁𐽳𐽶 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽳𐽴 𐾀𐽰𐽷 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽶𐽲 𐾀𐽰𐽺𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽺𐽽𐽶𐽲 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾 (wyqwr) | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐾁𐽰𐽾 (wyqwrlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (wyqwrnwnk) | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (wyqwrlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰 (wyqwrqʾ) | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽲𐽰 (wyqwrlʾrqʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽲 (wyqwrwq), 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐽺𐽶 (wyqwrny) | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (wyqwrlʾryq), 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (wyqwrlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐾀𐽰 (wyqwrtʾ) | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (wyqwrlʾrtʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (wyqwrtyn) | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (wyqwrlʾrtyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺 (wyqwrwn) | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (wyqwrlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐽽𐽰 (wyqwrcʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽳 (wyqwrqʾrw), 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐽾𐽰 (wyqwrrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (wyqwrlʾyw) |
Derived terms
- 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶 (wyqwr ʾyly /Uyġur Éli/, “Uyghur Khaganate”)
- 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾 𐾀𐽶𐾁𐽶 (wyqwr tyly /Uyġur tili/, “Old Uyghur language”)
- 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾𐽽𐽰 (wyqwrcʾ /Uyġurča/, “Old Uyghur language”)
References
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “Uyġur (≈ Uiġur)”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 269
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “uygur”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 810
- Zieme, Peter (1985) Buddhistische Stabreimdichtungen der Uigeren (in German), pages 154-155
- Zieme, Peter (2015) Altuigurische Texte der Kirche des Ostens aus Zentralasien (Gorgias Eastern Christian Studies; 41) (in German), →ISBN, page 128