-do
See also: Appendix:Variations of "do"
Japanese
Romanization
-do
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *-ðō, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“put; do”). The regular outcomes of *dʰ in Latin are /f/ word-initially (cf. fūmus) and /d/ otherwise (cf. fīdō).
The derivatives of -dō are not always easy to distinguish from those of dō (“give”) < *deh₃-.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [doː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [d̪o]
Verb
-dō (present infinitive -dere, perfect active -didī, supine -ditum); third conjugation
- to put
Conjugation
Conjugation of -dō (third conjugation)
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | -dō | -dis | -dit | -dimus | -ditis | -dunt | ||||||
| imperfect | -dēbam | -dēbās | -dēbat | -dēbāmus | -dēbātis | -dēbant | |||||||
| future | -dam | -dēs | -det | -dēmus | -dētis | -dent | |||||||
| perfect | -didī | -didistī | -didit | -didimus | -didistis | -didērunt, -didēre | |||||||
| pluperfect | -dideram | -diderās | -diderat | -diderāmus | -diderātis | -diderant | |||||||
| future perfect | -diderō | -dideris | -diderit | -diderimus | -dideritis | -diderint | |||||||
| passive | present | -dor | -deris, -dere |
-ditur | -dimur | -diminī | -duntur | ||||||
| imperfect | -dēbar | -dēbāris, -dēbāre |
-dēbātur | -dēbāmur | -dēbāminī | -dēbantur | |||||||
| future | -dar | -dēris, -dēre |
-dētur | -dēmur | -dēminī | -dentur | |||||||
| perfect | -ditus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| pluperfect | -ditus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| future perfect | -ditus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | -dam | -dās | -dat | -dāmus | -dātis | -dant | ||||||
| imperfect | -derem | -derēs | -deret | -derēmus | -derētis | -derent | |||||||
| perfect | -diderim | -diderīs | -diderit | -diderīmus | -diderītis | -diderint | |||||||
| pluperfect | -didissem | -didissēs | -didisset | -didissēmus | -didissētis | -didissent | |||||||
| passive | present | -dar | -dāris, -dāre |
-dātur | -dāmur | -dāminī | -dantur | ||||||
| imperfect | -derer | -derēris, -derēre |
-derētur | -derēmur | -derēminī | -derentur | |||||||
| perfect | -ditus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||||||||
| pluperfect | -ditus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | — | -de | — | — | -dite | — | ||||||
| future | — | -ditō | -ditō | — | -ditōte | -duntō | |||||||
| passive | present | — | -dere | — | — | -diminī | — | ||||||
| future | — | -ditor | -ditor | — | — | -duntor | |||||||
| non-finite forms | infinitive | participle | |||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||
| present | -dere | -dī | -dēns | — | |||||||||
| future | -ditūrum esse | -ditum īrī | -ditūrus | -dendus, -dundus | |||||||||
| perfect | -didisse | -ditum esse | — | -ditus | |||||||||
| future perfect | — | -ditum fore | — | — | |||||||||
| perfect potential | -ditūrum fuisse | — | — | — | |||||||||
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||||||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||||||||
| -dendī | -dendō | -dendum | -dendō | -ditum | -ditū | ||||||||
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “-dō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 175
Murui Huitoto
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [-dɔ]
- Hyphenation: do
Etymology 1
Cognates include Minica Huitoto -do and Nüpode Huitoto -do.
Classifier
-do
- Classifier for pointy objects.
Derived terms
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix
-do
- Marker for the instrumental case.
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Suffix
-do
- second-person singular affirmative nonfuture indicative of -de
References
- Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.[1], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 76
Navajo
Stem
-do
- Verbal stem occurring in the following root, aspect, and mode combinations: