-oskodik

Hungarian

Etymology

From -os (adjective-forming suffix) +‎ -kodik (verb-forming suffix).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [oʃkodik]

Suffix

-oskodik

  1. (verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun or an adjective to create an intransitive verb to express that someone behaves or acts like the base word. The verbs often have a pejorative meaning.

Usage notes

  • (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -skodik is added to back-vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.
    katona (soldier) + ‎-skodik → ‎katonáskodik (to soldier, to serve in the army as a soldier)
    -skedik is added to unrounded front-vowel words. Final -e changes to -é-.
    hülye (idiot) + ‎-skedik → ‎hülyéskedik (to act foolishly)
    -sködik is added to rounded front-vowel words
    -askodik is added to some back-vowel words
    hatalom (power) + ‎-askodik → ‎hatalmaskodik (to domineer)
    -oskodik is added to some back-vowel words
    rab (captive) + ‎-oskodik → ‎raboskodik (to live in captivity)
    -ösködik is added to some rounded front-vowel words
    főnök (boss) + ‎-ösködik → ‎főnökösködik (to be bossy, to behave like a boss; to work as a boss)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -oskodik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. -oskodok -oskodsz -oskodik -oskodunk -oskodtok -oskodnak
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. -oskodtam -oskodtál -oskodott -oskodtunk -oskodtatok -oskodtak
def.
2nd obj
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. -oskodni fog.
archaic
preterite
indef. -oskodék -oskodál -oskoda -oskodánk -oskodátok -oskodának
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -oskodik vala, -oskodott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. -oskodandok -oskodandasz -oskodand -oskodandunk -oskodandotok -oskodandanak
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. -oskodnék -oskodnál -oskodna -oskodnánk -oskodnátok -oskodnának
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -oskodott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. -oskodjak -oskodj or
-oskodjál
-oskodjon -oskodjunk -oskodjatok -oskodjanak
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -oskodott légyen
infinitive -oskodni -oskodnom -oskodnod -oskodnia -oskodnunk -oskodnotok -oskodniuk
other
forms
verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
-oskodás -oskodó -oskodott -oskodva (-oskodván)
Potential conjugation of -oskodik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. -oskodhatok -oskodhatsz -oskodhat -oskodhatunk -oskodhattok -oskodhatnak
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. -oskodhattam -oskodhattál -oskodhatott -oskodhattunk -oskodhattatok -oskodhattak
def.
2nd obj
archaic
preterite
indef. -oskodhaték -oskodhatál -oskodhata -oskodhatánk -oskodhatátok -oskodhatának
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -oskodhat vala, -oskodhatott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. -oskodhatandok
or -oskodandhatok
-oskodhatandasz
or -oskodandhatsz
-oskodhatand
or -oskodandhat
-oskodhatandunk
or -oskodandhatunk
-oskodhatandotok
or -oskodandhattok
-oskodhatandanak
or -oskodandhatnak
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. -oskodhatnék -oskodhatnál -oskodhatna -oskodhatnánk -oskodhatnátok -oskodhatnának
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -oskodhatott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. -oskodhassak -oskodhass or
-oskodhassál
-oskodhasson -oskodhassunk -oskodhassatok -oskodhassanak
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -oskodhatott légyen
infinitive (-oskodhatni) (-oskodhatnom) (-oskodhatnod) (-oskodhatnia) (-oskodhatnunk) (-oskodhatnotok) (-oskodhatniuk)
other
forms
positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
(-oskodhatva / -oskodhatván)

Derived terms

Hungarian verbs suffixed with -oskodik

See also

  • Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

References

  1. ^ -oskodik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)