Aššūr

Akkadian

Etymology

Unknown.

Pronunciation

(Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /aʃˈʃuːr/

Proper noun

Aššūr m

Assur (political capital of Assyria from the XIV to the IX centuries BCE)
𒀀𒈾𒆪 𒁹𒀭𒊹𒆕𒀀 𒈗 𒃲 𒈗 𒃩𒉡 𒈗 𒋙 𒈗 𒆳 𒀸𒋩𒆠
[anāku, Aššur-bāni-apli, šarru rabû, šarru dannu, šarru kiššati, šarru māt Aššūr]
a-na-ku ^mAN.ŠAR₂-DU₃-A LUGAL GAL LUGAL dan-nu LUGAL ŠÚ LUGAL KUR aš-šur^ki
I, Ashurbanipal, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria

Cuneiform spellings
Logograms	Phonetic
𒁄𒌀𒆠 (BAL.TIL^ki) 𒁄𒋾𒆷𒆠 (BAL.TI.LA^ki) 𒀭𒊹𒆠 (AN.ŠAR₂^ki) 𒀭𒊹 (AN.ŠAR₂) 𒊮𒌷 (ŠA₃.URU) 𒀭𒀸 (^dAŠ)	𒀸𒋩𒆠 (aš-šur^ki) 𒌷𒀸𒋩 (^uruaš-šur) 𒀸𒋩 (aš-šur) 𒀀𒋩 (a-šur)

Derived terms

Aššūrûm (Assyrian)
Aššūrāyu (“Assyrian”)
Aššūrītum (“The Assyrian (goddess of Aššūr)”)

Descendants

⇒ Akkadian: 𒀾𒋗𒊏𒅀 (Aššūrāyu)
- → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܣܘܼܪܵܝܵܐ (surrāyā, “Assyrian”)
- → Ancient Greek: Ἀσσυρία (Assuría)
  - Greek: Ασσυρία (Assyría)
  - → Latin: Assyria (see there for further descendants)
→ Amharic: አሦር (ʾäśor)
→ Ancient Greek: Σῠ́ρος (Sŭ́ros)
- Greek: Σύρος (Sýros)
- Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐍂 (saur)
- Latin: Syrus
→ Arabic: آشُور (ʔāšūr)
→ Aramaic: ܐܬܘܪ
→ Aramaic: אֲשׁוּר (ˀăšūr)
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܐܵܫܘܿܪ (āšor)
→ Chinese: 亞述 / 亚述 (Yàshù, Yǎshù)
→ English: Assur, Aššur
→ Biblical Hebrew: אַשּׁוּר (ʔaššúr)
- → Israeli Hebrew: אַשּׁוּר (ashúr)
→ Hindi: अश्शूर (aśśūr)
→ Proto-Iranian:
- Old Persian: 𐎠𐎰𐎢𐎼𐎠 (a-θ-u-r-a)
  - Middle Persian: 𐭠𐭮𐭥𐭥 (ʾswr /⁠asōr⁠/)
    - Persian: آشور (âšur)
- Parthian: 𐭀𐭎𐭅𐭓 (ʾswr /⁠asōr⁠/)
- → Old Armenian: ասորի (asori)
- ⇒ Proto-Iranian:
  - Middle Persian: 𐭠𐭮𐭥𐭥𐭮𐭲𐭭 (ʾswrstn /⁠Asōrestān, Asūrestān⁠/)
    - Persian: آسورستان (âsurestân)
    - → English: Asuristan, Asurestan, Assuristan, Asorestan, Asoristan
  - Parthian: 𐭀𐭎𐭅𐭓𐭎𐭕𐭍 (ʾswrstn /⁠Asōrestān⁠/)
  - → Old Armenian: Ասորեստան (Asorestan)
    - Armenian: Ասորեստան (Asorestan)
→ Georgian: ასურეთი (asureti)
→ Portuguese: Assur, Ashur
→ Russian: А́шшур (Áššur), А́ссур (Ássur)
→ Turkish: Asur

References

Miller, Douglas B., Shipp, R. Mark (2014) An Akkadian Handbook, 2nd edition, Eisenbrauns