luceo

Latin

Etymology

    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *lewk-der.
    Proto-Italic *loukēō
    Latin lūceō

    From Proto-Italic *loukēō, from earlier *loukejō, from Proto-Indo-European causative *lowk-éye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- ("bright, shine"). Cognate with *louks (whence lūx).

    Alternatively, from loukēō, from earlier *loukējō, modeled after a stative verb from the same root.

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    lūceō (present infinitive lūcēre, perfect active lūxī); second conjugation, no passive, no supine stem

    1. to shine
      Requiem aeternam dona eis, et lux perpetua luceat eis.
      Give them eternal rest, and let perpetual light shine upon them.
    2. (of the day) to dawn, become light
    3. to show through; to become visible
    4. to be conspicuous, apparent, evident

    Conjugation

       Conjugation of lūceō (second conjugation, no passive, no supine stem)
    indicative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present lūceō lūcēs lūcet lūcēmus lūcētis lūcent
    imperfect lūcēbam lūcēbās lūcēbat lūcēbāmus lūcēbātis lūcēbant
    future lūcēbō lūcēbis lūcēbit lūcēbimus lūcēbitis lūcēbunt
    perfect lūxī lūxistī lūxit lūximus lūxistis lūxērunt,
    lūxēre
    pluperfect lūxeram lūxerās lūxerat lūxerāmus lūxerātis lūxerant
    future perfect lūxerō lūxeris lūxerit lūxerimus lūxeritis lūxerint
    subjunctive singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present lūceam lūceās lūceat lūceāmus lūceātis lūceant
    imperfect lūcērem lūcērēs lūcēret lūcērēmus lūcērētis lūcērent
    perfect lūxerim lūxerīs lūxerit lūxerīmus lūxerītis lūxerint
    pluperfect lūxissem lūxissēs lūxisset lūxissēmus lūxissētis lūxissent
    imperative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present — lūcē — — lūcēte —
    future — lūcētō lūcētō — lūcētōte lūcentō
    non-finite forms infinitive participle
    active passive active passive
    present lūcēre — lūcēns —
    perfect lūxisse — — —
    verbal nouns gerund supine
    genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
    lūcendī lūcendō lūcendum lūcendō — —

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Insular Romance:
      • Sardinian: luchere, lughere, luxiri
    • Italo-Romance:
    • Rhaeto-Romance:
      • Friulian: [ˈluʒe]
      • Romansch: lüschair
    • Gallo-Italic:
      • Old Lombard: lusar
      • Piedmontese: luse, lise
    • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *extrālūcēre
      • Italian: stralucere
      • Lombard: straluce
      • Romansch: traglischar
    • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *lūcicāre

    Reflexes of an assumed variant *lūcīre:[1]

    • Balkano-Romance:
    • Rhaeto-Romance:
      • Friulian: lusî
      • Romansch: glüschir
    • Gallo-Italic:
      • Ligurian: luxî
      • Lombard: lusì
      • Piedmontese: lusì
    • Gallo-Romance:
    • Ibero-Romance:
    • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *extrālūcīre

    References

    1. ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “lūcēre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 432

    Further reading

    • “luceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “luceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • luceo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • when it was day: ubi illuxit, luxit, diluxit
      • it is daylight: lucet
      • (ambiguous) at daybreak: prima luce
      • (ambiguous) in full daylight: luce (luci)
      • (ambiguous) to enjoy the privilege of living; to be alive: vita or hac luce frui
      • (ambiguous) to shun publicity: forensi luce carere
      • (ambiguous) this is as clear as daylight: hoc est luce (sole ipso) clarius
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