Reconstruction:Old Tupi/umbyk

This Old Tupi entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Old Tupi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ũˈmbɨk]
Rhymes: -ɨk
Hyphenation: u‧mbyk

Adjective

*umbyk (IIa class pluriform, R1 *rumbyk, R2 *sumbyk, noun form *umbyka)

purple, dark^[1]

Declension

Declension of umbyk (IIa pluriform, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Deadjectivals
Causative	moumbyk
-ba'e	sumbykyba'e
-sab(a)	umbykaba
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person exclusive	1^st person inclusive	2^nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative	xe rumbyk	nde rumbyk	sumbyk	oré rumbyk	îandé rumbyk	pe rumbyk
Imperative		nde rumbyk				pe rumbyk
Permissive	ta xe rumbyk	ta nde rumbyk	ta sumbyk	t'oré rumbyk	t'îandé rumbyk	ta pe rumbyk
Negative indicative	na xe rumbyki	na nde rumbyki	na sumbyki	n'oré rumbyki	n'îandé rumbyki	na pe rumbyki
Negative imperative		nde rumbyk umẽ				pe rumbyk umẽ
Negative permissive	ta xe rumbyk umẽ	ta nde rumbyk umẽ	ta sumbyk umẽ	t'oré rumbyk umẽ	t'îandé rumbyk umẽ	ta pe rumbyk umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	xe rumbykamo	nde rumbykamo	o umbykamo	oré rumbykamo	îandé rumbykamo	pe rumbykamo
Negative	xe rumbyke'ymamo	nde rumbyke'ymamo	o umbyke'ymamo	oré rumbyke'ymamo	îandé rumbyke'ymamo	pe rumbyke'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	umbyka
Negative	umbyke'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	same as gerund¹
Affirmative	xe rumbyki²		sumbyki²	oré rumbyki²	îandé rumbyki²
Negative	same as gerund¹
Negative	xe rumbyke'ymi²		sumbyke'ymi²	oré rumbyke'ymi²	îandé rumbyke'ymi²
¹South Tupi ²North Tupi

Derived terms

esagûyrumbyk
esakûarumbyk

Descendants

Nheengatu: sumbika

References

^ Marcel Twardowsky Avila (2021) “sumbika”, in Proposta de dicionário nheengatu-português [Nheengatu–Portuguese dictionary proposal] (in Portuguese), São Paulo: USP, →DOI, page 718

[1] Marcel Twardowsky Avila (2021) “sumbika”, in Proposta de dicionário nheengatu-português [Nheengatu–Portuguese dictionary proposal] (in Portuguese), São Paulo: USP, →DOI, page 718

[1]