Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/kalih

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Verb

*kalih

to dig up; to excavate

Descendants

Atayalic: *kariʔ
- Taroko: kari
Northern Formosan
- Northwest Formosan
  - Saisiyat: kowih
- Western Plains
  - Thao: kari
East Formosan
- Siraya: kari
Tsouic
- Saaroa: kali
Paiwan: kali
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *kali
- Philippine
  - Batanic
    - Yami: kali
    - Ibatan: kadi
  - Northern Luzon
    - Ilocano: káli
    - Northeastern Luzon
      - Dupaningan Agta: kali
      - Casiguran Dumagat Agta: kale
    - Meso-Cordilleran
      - Central Cordilleran
        Kankanaey: kelí
        Northern Kankanay: kali
      - Southern Cordilleran
        Pangasinan: kalí
        Keley-I Kallahan: kalih
  - Central Luzon
    - Bolinao: kali
    - Abenlen Ayta: kali
    - Mag-Anchi Ayta: kali
  - Greater Central Philippine
    - Central Phillipine
      - Tagalog: kali
      - Visayan
        Hiligaynon: káli
        Tausug: kali'
      - Mansakan
        Mansaka: kari
        Tagakaulu Kalagan: kali'
    - South Mangyan
      - Hanunoo: kali
    - Danao
      - Maranao: kali
    - Subanen
      - Central Subanen: ali
    - Manobo
      - Ata Manobo: kali
      - Obo Manobo: kali
      - Agusan Manobo: kali
      - Cotabato Manobo: kali
      - Western Bukidnon Manobo: káli
    - Palawanic
      - Brooke's Point Palawano: kali
      - Central Palawano: kali
      - Aborlan Tagbanwa: kali
      - Central Tagbanwa: kali
    - Gorontalo–Mongondow
      - Mongondow: kali
  - Kalamian
    - Agutaynen: ali
    - Calamian Tagbanwa: ali
  - Minahasan
    - Tontemboan: kali
- Greater Barito
  - Sama–Bajaw
    - Central Sama: kali
    - Southern Sama: kali
    - Mapun: kali
    - Yakan: kali
  - East Barito
    - Malagasy: hady
- North Bornean
  - Northeast Sabahan
    - Ida'an: koli
    - Bonggi: kali
  - Southwest Sabahan
    - Dusunic
      - Rungus: kali
- Northeast Sumatra–Barrier Islands
  - Batak
    - Karo Batak: kali
    - Toba Batak: hali
- Malayo-Sumbawan
  - Malayic
    - Iban: kali
    - Malay: gali
      - Indonesian: gali
      - North Moluccan Malay: gale
    - Urak Lawoi': กาลี (kali)
  - Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa
    - Sasak: kaliq
    - Sumbawa: kali
  - Sundanese: kali
- South Sulawesi
  - Tae': kali
  - Duri: kali
- Celebic
  - Muna–Buton
    - Muna: seli
- Central Malayo-Polynesian
  - Sumba–Flores
    - Western Flores
      - Manggarai: hali
      - Palu'e: kali
    - Sumba–Hawu
      - Dhao: kai
  - Flores–Lembata
    - Sika: gali
  - Kei–Tanimbar
    - Yamdena: n-kal
    - Fordata: kali
  - Timoric
    - Helong: gali
    - Uab Meto: hani
  - Aru
    - West Tarangan: kel
  - Central Maluku
    - Buru (Indonesia): kalik
- Chamorro: hali
- Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
  - Halmahera–Cenderawasih
    - As: kail
  - Proto-Oceanic: *kali, *keli
    - Western Oceanic
      - North New Guinea
        Bebeli: kel
        Sengseng: kel
      - Papuan Tip
        Saliba (New Guinea): keli
    - Central–Eastern Oceanic
      - Southern Oceanic
        Tiale: eli
        Amblong: el
      - Central Pacific
        Proto-Polynesian: *kali, *keli
        Tongic
        Tongan: keli
        Niuean: keli
        Nuclear Polynesian
        Samoic
        Samoan: eli
        Tokelauan: keli
        Eastern Polynesian
        Marquesic
        Hawaiian: ʻeli, ʻali
        Mangarevan: keri, kari
        North Marquesan: keʻi, kaʻi
        Tahitic
        Maori: keri, kari
        Rarotongan: keri
        Rapa Nui: keri

References

Blust, Robert & Stephen Trussell, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *kalih.