Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/panaq

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Etymology

Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *snaʔ (“crossbow”) and Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-na (“crossbow”).

Probably unrelated to Sumerian 𒄑𒉼 (pana, “bow”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /panaʔ/, /panaq/

Verb

*panaq

  1. to shoot (to fire a shot (an arrow))

Descendants

  • East Formosan:
    • Amis:
      • Amis: pana'
        • Fata'an: mipanaʡ
        • Farang: mipanaʡ
      • Sakizaya: mupanaʡ
    • Kavalanic:
  • Northwest Formosan:
    • Pazeh: pana-
    • Saisiyat: ponänäʔ
      • Ta'ai: pomanæʔ
      • Tungho: pomanæʔ
  • Bunun: panaq
  • Tsouic: *-pánáʔə ~ *-(m)u-pánaʔə
    • Southern Tsouic:
      • Kanakanabu: mŏapana'ə
      • Saaroa: uapana
    • Tsou: póno
  • Proto-Rukai: *pana
    • Budai: wapana
    • Maga: opnaa
    • Mantauran: opana
    • Tanan: waʔana
    • Tona: wapana
  • Puyuma: panaʔ ~ p-ən-anaʔ
    • Alipai: pənanaʔ
    • Katratripul: pənanáq̂
    • Pinaski: pənanaɦ
    • Tamalakaw: panaH
  • Paiwan: panaq
  • Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *panaq (see there for further descendants)

References

  • Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*panaq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
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