Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/-ikos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ḱos with the thematic vowel of *i-stems. Cognate with Latin -icus, Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós), Proto-Germanic *-igaz.

Suffix

*-ikos

belonging to; derived from; of or pertaining to.

Inflection

O/ā-stem
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ikos	*-ikou	*-ikoi
vocative	*-ike	*-ikou	*-ikoi
accusative	*-ikom	*-ikou	*-ikons
genitive	*-ikī	*-ikous	*-ikom
dative	*-ikūi	*-ikobom	*-ikobos
instrumental	*-ikū	*-ikobim	*-ikobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ikā	*-ikai	*-ikās
vocative	*-ikā	*-ikai	*-ikās
accusative	*-ikam	*-ikai	*-ikans
genitive	*-ikās	*-ikous	*-ikom
dative	*-ikai	*-ikābom	*-ikābos
instrumental	*?	*-ikābim	*-ikābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ikom	*-ikou	*-ikā
vocative	*-ikom	*-ikou	*-ikā
accusative	*-ikom	*-ikou	*-ikā
genitive	*-ikī	*-ikous	*-ikom
dative	*-ikūi	*-ikobom	*-ikobos
instrumental	*-ikū	*-ikobim	*-ikobis

Declension of the comparative
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ikyūs	*?	*-ikyoses
vocative	*-ikyūs	*?	*-ikyoses
accusative	*-ikyosam	*?	*-ikyosans
genitive	*-ikisos	*?	*-ikisom
dative	*-ikisei	*?	*-ikisbos
instrumental	*-ikisī	*?	*-ikisbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ikyūs	*?	*-ikyoses
vocative	*-ikyūs	*?	*-ikyoses
accusative	*-ikyosam	*?	*-ikyosans
genitive	*-ikisos	*?	*-ikisom
dative	*-ikisei	*?	*-ikisbos
instrumental	*-ikisī	*?	*-ikisbis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ikis	*?	*?
vocative	*-ikis	*?	*?
accusative	*-ikis	*?	*?
genitive	*-ikisos	*?	*-ikisom
dative	*-ikisei	*?	*-ikisbos
instrumental	*-ikisī	*?	*-ikisbis

Derived terms

Category Proto-Celtic terms suffixed with *-ikos not found

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *-ikā^[1]
- Middle Breton: -ek
  - Breton: -eg
- Welsh: -eg
Old Irish: -ech

References

^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-eg”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies: “*-ikā”

[GPC-1] R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-eg”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies: “*-ikā”

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