|
|
This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
|
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti.
Verb
*bereti
- to carry, bear
Inflection
| Thematic present, t-preterite
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*berū
|
*beremam
|
*bibrāsū
|
*biram
|
| 2nd singular
|
*beresi
|
*beretās
|
*bibrāsesi
|
*birs
|
| 3rd singular
|
*bereti
|
*bereto
|
*bibrāseti
|
*birt
|
| 1st plural
|
*beromosi
|
*beremo
|
*bibrāsomosi
|
*birme
|
| 2nd plural
|
*beretesi
|
*berestē
|
*bibrāsetesi
|
*birte
|
| 3rd plural
|
*beronti
|
*berento
|
*bibrāsonti
|
*birant
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*berasū
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*berasesi
|
?
|
*bere
|
| 3rd singular
|
*beraseti
|
?
|
*beretou
|
| 1st plural
|
*berasomosi
|
?
|
*beromos
|
| 2nd plural
|
*berasetesi
|
?
|
*berete
|
| 3rd plural
|
*berasonti
|
?
|
*berontou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*berūr
|
—
|
*bibrāsūr
|
?
|
| 2nd singular
|
*beretar
|
—
|
*bibrāsetar
|
?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*beretor
|
?
|
*bibrāsetor
|
?
|
| 1st plural
|
*berommor
|
—
|
*bibrāsommor
|
?
|
| 2nd plural
|
*beredwe
|
—
|
*bibrāsedwe
|
?
|
| 3rd plural
|
*berontor
|
?
|
*bibrāsontor
|
*biranto
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*berasūr
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*berasetar
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*berasetor
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*berasommor
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*berasedwe
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*berasontor
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the present participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*beronts
|
*beronte
|
*berontes
|
| vocative
|
*beronts
|
*beronte
|
*berontes
|
| accusative
|
*berontam
|
*beronte
|
*berontans
|
| genitive
|
*berantos
|
*?
|
*berantom
|
| dative
|
*berantei
|
*berantbom
|
*berantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*berantī?
|
*berantbim
|
*berantbis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*berantī
|
*berantī
|
*berantiyās
|
| vocative
|
*berantī
|
*berantī
|
*berantiyās
|
| accusative
|
*berantīm
|
*berantī
|
*berantiyans
|
| genitive
|
*berantyās
|
*?
|
*berantyom
|
| dative
|
*berantyāi
|
*berantyābom
|
*berantyābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*berantyābim
|
*berantyābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*beront
|
*?
|
*beronta
|
| vocative
|
*beront
|
*?
|
*beronta
|
| accusative
|
*beront
|
*?
|
*beronta
|
| genitive
|
*berantos
|
*?
|
*berantom
|
| dative
|
*berantei
|
*?
|
*berantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*berantī?
|
*?
|
*berantbis
|
| Declension of the middle participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*beromnos
|
*beromnou
|
*beromnoi
|
| vocative
|
*beromne
|
*beromnou
|
*beromnoi
|
| accusative
|
*beromnom
|
*beromnou
|
*beromnons
|
| genitive
|
*beromnī
|
*beromnous
|
*beromnom
|
| dative
|
*beromnūi
|
*beromnobom
|
*beromnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*beromnū
|
*beromnobim
|
*beromnobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*beromnā
|
*beromnai
|
*beromnās
|
| vocative
|
*beromnā
|
*beromnai
|
*beromnās
|
| accusative
|
*beromnam
|
*beromnai
|
*beromnans
|
| genitive
|
*beromnās
|
*beromnous
|
*beromnom
|
| dative
|
*beromnai
|
*beromnābom
|
*beromnābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*beromnābim
|
*beromnābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*beromnom
|
*beromnou
|
*beromnā
|
| vocative
|
*beromnom
|
*beromnou
|
*beromnā
|
| accusative
|
*beromnom
|
*beromnou
|
*beromnā
|
| genitive
|
*beromnī
|
*beromnous
|
*beromnom
|
| dative
|
*beromnūi
|
*beromnobom
|
*beromnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*beromnū
|
*beromnobim
|
*beromnobis
|
| Declension of the past participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*britos
|
*britou
|
*britoi
|
| vocative
|
*brite
|
*britou
|
*britoi
|
| accusative
|
*britom
|
*britou
|
*britons
|
| genitive
|
*britī
|
*britous
|
*britom
|
| dative
|
*britūi
|
*britobom
|
*britobos
|
| instrumental
|
*britū
|
*britobim
|
*britobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*britā
|
*britai
|
*britās
|
| vocative
|
*britā
|
*britai
|
*britās
|
| accusative
|
*britam
|
*britai
|
*britans
|
| genitive
|
*britās
|
*britous
|
*britom
|
| dative
|
*britai
|
*britābom
|
*britābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*britābim
|
*britābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*britom
|
*britou
|
*britā
|
| vocative
|
*britom
|
*britou
|
*britā
|
| accusative
|
*britom
|
*britou
|
*britā
|
| genitive
|
*britī
|
*britous
|
*britom
|
| dative
|
*britūi
|
*britobom
|
*britobos
|
| instrumental
|
*britū
|
*britobim
|
*britobis
|
Derived terms
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic: *bėrɨd
- Middle Welsh: beru
- Middle Breton: beraff
- Old Irish: beirid