Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/bostā

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷosdeh₂, from *gʷésdos (“branch”)^[1]. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *kwastō (compare Old English cwist (“branch”), Old High German questa (“tuft”), Old Norse kvistr (“twig”)), Proto-Slavic *gvozdь (compare Czech hvozd (“forest”), Slovene gòzd (“forest”), Russian гвоздь (gvozdʹ, “nail”)), Proto-Albanian *gazda (compare Albanian gjeth (“leaf”)).

Noun

*bostā f

palm, fist

Declension

Feminine ā-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bostā	*bostai	*bostās
vocative	*bostā	*bostai	*bostās
accusative	*bostam	*bostai	*bostāns
genitive	*bostās	*bostous	*bostom
dative	*bostāi	*bostābom	*bostābos
locative	*bostai	*?	*?
instrumental	*?	*bostābim	*bostābis

Derived terms

*ambostā

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *bos
- Middle Breton: boz
  - Breton: boz
- Old Welsh: bos
  - Middle Welsh: bos
    - Welsh: bos
Old Irish: bas, bos
- Irish: bos, bas
  - → Yola: baush, bash
- Manx: bass
- Scottish Gaelic: bas
Gaulish: *bostyā
- → Medieval Latin: bostia (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 161