|
|
This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
|
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *derḱ- (“to see”).[1]
Verb
*derketi
- to look, see
Inflection
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*derkū
|
*derkemam
|
*didrixsū
|
*darka
|
| 2nd singular
|
*derkesi
|
*derketās
|
*didrixsesi
|
*darkas?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*derketi
|
*derketo
|
*didrixseti
|
*darke
|
| 1st plural
|
*derkomosi
|
*derkemo
|
*didrixsomosi
|
*darkmo
|
| 2nd plural
|
*derketesi
|
*derkestē
|
*didrixsetesi
|
*darxte
|
| 3rd plural
|
*derkonti
|
*derkento
|
*didrixsonti
|
*darkars
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*derxsū
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*derxsesi
|
?
|
*derke
|
| 3rd singular
|
*derxseti
|
?
|
*derketou
|
| 1st plural
|
*derxsomosi
|
?
|
*derkomos
|
| 2nd plural
|
*derxsetesi
|
?
|
*derkete
|
| 3rd plural
|
*derxsonti
|
?
|
*derkontou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*derkūr
|
—
|
*didrixsūr
|
*darkra
|
| 2nd singular
|
*derketar
|
—
|
*didrixsetar
|
*darkras?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*derketor
|
?
|
*didrixsetor
|
*darkre
|
| 1st plural
|
*derkommor
|
—
|
*didrixsommor
|
?
|
| 2nd plural
|
*derkedwe
|
—
|
*didrixsedwe
|
?
|
| 3rd plural
|
*derkontor
|
?
|
*didrixsontor
|
?
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*derxsūr
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*derxsetar
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*derxsetor
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*derxsommor
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*derxsedwe
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*derxsontor
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the present participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*derkonts
|
*derkonte
|
*derkontes
|
| vocative
|
*derkonts
|
*derkonte
|
*derkontes
|
| accusative
|
*derkontam
|
*derkonte
|
*derkontans
|
| genitive
|
*derkantos
|
*?
|
*derkantom
|
| dative
|
*derkantei
|
*derkantbom
|
*derkantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*derkantī?
|
*derkantbim
|
*derkantbis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*derkantī
|
*derkantī
|
*derkantiyās
|
| vocative
|
*derkantī
|
*derkantī
|
*derkantiyās
|
| accusative
|
*derkantīm
|
*derkantī
|
*derkantiyans
|
| genitive
|
*derkantyās
|
*?
|
*derkantyom
|
| dative
|
*derkantyāi
|
*derkantyābom
|
*derkantyābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*derkantyābim
|
*derkantyābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*derkont
|
*?
|
*derkonta
|
| vocative
|
*derkont
|
*?
|
*derkonta
|
| accusative
|
*derkont
|
*?
|
*derkonta
|
| genitive
|
*derkantos
|
*?
|
*derkantom
|
| dative
|
*derkantei
|
*?
|
*derkantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*derkantī?
|
*?
|
*derkantbis
|
| Declension of the middle participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*derkomnos
|
*derkomnou
|
*derkomnoi
|
| vocative
|
*derkomne
|
*derkomnou
|
*derkomnoi
|
| accusative
|
*derkomnom
|
*derkomnou
|
*derkomnons
|
| genitive
|
*derkomnī
|
*derkomnous
|
*derkomnom
|
| dative
|
*derkomnūi
|
*derkomnobom
|
*derkomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*derkomnū
|
*derkomnobim
|
*derkomnobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*derkomnā
|
*derkomnai
|
*derkomnās
|
| vocative
|
*derkomnā
|
*derkomnai
|
*derkomnās
|
| accusative
|
*derkomnam
|
*derkomnai
|
*derkomnans
|
| genitive
|
*derkomnās
|
*derkomnous
|
*derkomnom
|
| dative
|
*derkomnai
|
*derkomnābom
|
*derkomnābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*derkomnābim
|
*derkomnābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*derkomnom
|
*derkomnou
|
*derkomnā
|
| vocative
|
*derkomnom
|
*derkomnou
|
*derkomnā
|
| accusative
|
*derkomnom
|
*derkomnou
|
*derkomnā
|
| genitive
|
*derkomnī
|
*derkomnous
|
*derkomnom
|
| dative
|
*derkomnūi
|
*derkomnobom
|
*derkomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*derkomnū
|
*derkomnobim
|
*derkomnobis
|
| Declension of the past participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*drixtos
|
*drixtou
|
*drixtoi
|
| vocative
|
*drixte
|
*drixtou
|
*drixtoi
|
| accusative
|
*drixtom
|
*drixtou
|
*drixtons
|
| genitive
|
*drixtī
|
*drixtous
|
*drixtom
|
| dative
|
*drixtūi
|
*drixtobom
|
*drixtobos
|
| instrumental
|
*drixtū
|
*drixtobim
|
*drixtobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*drixtā
|
*drixtai
|
*drixtās
|
| vocative
|
*drixtā
|
*drixtai
|
*drixtās
|
| accusative
|
*drixtam
|
*drixtai
|
*drixtans
|
| genitive
|
*drixtās
|
*drixtous
|
*drixtom
|
| dative
|
*drixtai
|
*drixtābom
|
*drixtābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*drixtābim
|
*drixtābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*drixtom
|
*drixtou
|
*drixtā
|
| vocative
|
*drixtom
|
*drixtou
|
*drixtā
|
| accusative
|
*drixtom
|
*drixtou
|
*drixtā
|
| genitive
|
*drixtī
|
*drixtous
|
*drixtom
|
| dative
|
*drixtūi
|
*drixtobom
|
*drixtobos
|
| instrumental
|
*drixtū
|
*drixtobim
|
*drixtobis
|
Derived terms
- *ad-kom-derketi
- *uɸo-derketi
- Gaulish: uoderce (2sg. imperative)
References
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*derk-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 96